PostgreSQL reference New

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It describes PostgreSQL 18 and says in which release each entry first appears, for releases 14, 15, 16, 17, 18. Every entry links to the page of the official manual it was read from.

Coverage

Kind In the manual In this reference
Commands 185 185
Key words 494 494
Types 68 68
Functions 679 679
Operators 88 88
SQLSTATE codes 262 262

SQL commands

One entry per command name; the synopsis is the first one on the command's reference page.

Name Summary Since Manual
ABORT abort the current transaction 14 sql-abort
ALTER AGGREGATE change the definition of an aggregate function 14 sql-alteraggregate
ALTER COLLATION change the definition of a collation 14 sql-altercollation
ALTER CONVERSION change the definition of a conversion 14 sql-alterconversion
ALTER DATABASE change a database 14 sql-alterdatabase
ALTER DEFAULT PRIVILEGES define default access privileges 14 sql-alterdefaultprivileges
ALTER DOMAIN change the definition of a domain 14 sql-alterdomain
ALTER EVENT TRIGGER change the definition of an event trigger 14 sql-altereventtrigger
ALTER EXTENSION change the definition of an extension 14 sql-alterextension
ALTER FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER change the definition of a foreign-data wrapper 14 sql-alterforeigndatawrapper
ALTER FOREIGN TABLE change the definition of a foreign table 14 sql-alterforeigntable
ALTER FUNCTION change the definition of a function 14 sql-alterfunction
ALTER GROUP change role name or membership 14 sql-altergroup
ALTER INDEX change the definition of an index 14 sql-alterindex
ALTER LANGUAGE change the definition of a procedural language 14 sql-alterlanguage
ALTER LARGE OBJECT change the definition of a large object 14 sql-alterlargeobject
ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW change the definition of a materialized view 14 sql-altermaterializedview
ALTER OPERATOR change the definition of an operator 14 sql-alteroperator
ALTER OPERATOR CLASS change the definition of an operator class 14 sql-alteropclass
ALTER OPERATOR FAMILY change the definition of an operator family 14 sql-alteropfamily
ALTER POLICY change the definition of a row-level security policy 14 sql-alterpolicy
ALTER PROCEDURE change the definition of a procedure 14 sql-alterprocedure
ALTER PUBLICATION change the definition of a publication 14 sql-alterpublication
ALTER ROLE change a database role 14 sql-alterrole
ALTER ROUTINE change the definition of a routine 14 sql-alterroutine
ALTER RULE change the definition of a rule 14 sql-alterrule
ALTER SCHEMA change the definition of a schema 14 sql-alterschema
ALTER SEQUENCE change the definition of a sequence generator 14 sql-altersequence
ALTER SERVER change the definition of a foreign server 14 sql-alterserver
ALTER STATISTICS change the definition of an extended statistics object 14 sql-alterstatistics
ALTER SUBSCRIPTION change the definition of a subscription 14 sql-altersubscription
ALTER SYSTEM change a server configuration parameter 14 sql-altersystem
ALTER TABLE change the definition of a table 14 sql-altertable
ALTER TABLESPACE change the definition of a tablespace 14 sql-altertablespace
ALTER TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION change the definition of a text search configuration 14 sql-altertsconfig
ALTER TEXT SEARCH DICTIONARY change the definition of a text search dictionary 14 sql-altertsdictionary
ALTER TEXT SEARCH PARSER change the definition of a text search parser 14 sql-altertsparser
ALTER TEXT SEARCH TEMPLATE change the definition of a text search template 14 sql-altertstemplate
ALTER TRIGGER change the definition of a trigger 14 sql-altertrigger
ALTER TYPE change the definition of a type 14 sql-altertype
ALTER USER change a database role 14 sql-alteruser
ALTER USER MAPPING change the definition of a user mapping 14 sql-alterusermapping
ALTER VIEW change the definition of a view 14 sql-alterview
ANALYZE collect statistics about a database 14 sql-analyze
BEGIN start a transaction block 14 sql-begin
CALL invoke a procedure 14 sql-call
CHECKPOINT force a write-ahead log checkpoint 14 sql-checkpoint
CLOSE close a cursor 14 sql-close
CLUSTER cluster a table according to an index 14 sql-cluster
COMMENT define or change the comment of an object 14 sql-comment
COMMIT commit the current transaction 14 sql-commit
COMMIT PREPARED commit a transaction that was earlier prepared for two-phase commit 14 sql-commit-prepared
COPY copy data between a file and a table 14 sql-copy
CREATE ACCESS METHOD define a new access method 14 sql-create-access-method
CREATE AGGREGATE define a new aggregate function 14 sql-createaggregate
CREATE CAST define a new cast 14 sql-createcast
CREATE COLLATION define a new collation 14 sql-createcollation
CREATE CONVERSION define a new encoding conversion 14 sql-createconversion
CREATE DATABASE create a new database 14 sql-createdatabase
CREATE DOMAIN define a new domain 14 sql-createdomain
CREATE EVENT TRIGGER define a new event trigger 14 sql-createeventtrigger
CREATE EXTENSION install an extension 14 sql-createextension
CREATE FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER define a new foreign-data wrapper 14 sql-createforeigndatawrapper
CREATE FOREIGN TABLE define a new foreign table 14 sql-createforeigntable
CREATE FUNCTION define a new function 14 sql-createfunction
CREATE GROUP define a new database role 14 sql-creategroup
CREATE INDEX define a new index 14 sql-createindex
CREATE LANGUAGE define a new procedural language 14 sql-createlanguage
CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW define a new materialized view 14 sql-creatematerializedview
CREATE OPERATOR define a new operator 14 sql-createoperator
CREATE OPERATOR CLASS define a new operator class 14 sql-createopclass
CREATE OPERATOR FAMILY define a new operator family 14 sql-createopfamily
CREATE POLICY define a new row-level security policy for a table 14 sql-createpolicy
CREATE PROCEDURE define a new procedure 14 sql-createprocedure
CREATE PUBLICATION define a new publication 14 sql-createpublication
CREATE ROLE define a new database role 14 sql-createrole
CREATE RULE define a new rewrite rule 14 sql-createrule
CREATE SCHEMA define a new schema 14 sql-createschema
CREATE SEQUENCE define a new sequence generator 14 sql-createsequence
CREATE SERVER define a new foreign server 14 sql-createserver
CREATE STATISTICS define extended statistics 14 sql-createstatistics
CREATE SUBSCRIPTION define a new subscription 14 sql-createsubscription
CREATE TABLE define a new table 14 sql-createtable
CREATE TABLE AS define a new table from the results of a query 14 sql-createtableas
CREATE TABLESPACE define a new tablespace 14 sql-createtablespace
CREATE TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION define a new text search configuration 14 sql-createtsconfig
CREATE TEXT SEARCH DICTIONARY define a new text search dictionary 14 sql-createtsdictionary
CREATE TEXT SEARCH PARSER define a new text search parser 14 sql-createtsparser
CREATE TEXT SEARCH TEMPLATE define a new text search template 14 sql-createtstemplate
CREATE TRANSFORM define a new transform 14 sql-createtransform
CREATE TRIGGER define a new trigger 14 sql-createtrigger
CREATE TYPE define a new data type 14 sql-createtype
CREATE USER define a new database role 14 sql-createuser
CREATE USER MAPPING define a new mapping of a user to a foreign server 14 sql-createusermapping
CREATE VIEW define a new view 14 sql-createview
DEALLOCATE deallocate a prepared statement 14 sql-deallocate
DECLARE define a cursor 14 sql-declare
DELETE delete rows of a table 14 sql-delete
DISCARD discard session state 14 sql-discard
DO execute an anonymous code block 14 sql-do
DROP ACCESS METHOD remove an access method 14 sql-drop-access-method
DROP AGGREGATE remove an aggregate function 14 sql-dropaggregate
DROP CAST remove a cast 14 sql-dropcast
DROP COLLATION remove a collation 14 sql-dropcollation
DROP CONVERSION remove a conversion 14 sql-dropconversion
DROP DATABASE remove a database 14 sql-dropdatabase
DROP DOMAIN remove a domain 14 sql-dropdomain
DROP EVENT TRIGGER remove an event trigger 14 sql-dropeventtrigger
DROP EXTENSION remove an extension 14 sql-dropextension
DROP FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER remove a foreign-data wrapper 14 sql-dropforeigndatawrapper
DROP FOREIGN TABLE remove a foreign table 14 sql-dropforeigntable
DROP FUNCTION remove a function 14 sql-dropfunction
DROP GROUP remove a database role 14 sql-dropgroup
DROP INDEX remove an index 14 sql-dropindex
DROP LANGUAGE remove a procedural language 14 sql-droplanguage
DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW remove a materialized view 14 sql-dropmaterializedview
DROP OPERATOR remove an operator 14 sql-dropoperator
DROP OPERATOR CLASS remove an operator class 14 sql-dropopclass
DROP OPERATOR FAMILY remove an operator family 14 sql-dropopfamily
DROP OWNED remove database objects owned by a database role 14 sql-drop-owned
DROP POLICY remove a row-level security policy from a table 14 sql-droppolicy
DROP PROCEDURE remove a procedure 14 sql-dropprocedure
DROP PUBLICATION remove a publication 14 sql-droppublication
DROP ROLE remove a database role 14 sql-droprole
DROP ROUTINE remove a routine 14 sql-droproutine
DROP RULE remove a rewrite rule 14 sql-droprule
DROP SCHEMA remove a schema 14 sql-dropschema
DROP SEQUENCE remove a sequence 14 sql-dropsequence
DROP SERVER remove a foreign server descriptor 14 sql-dropserver
DROP STATISTICS remove extended statistics 14 sql-dropstatistics
DROP SUBSCRIPTION remove a subscription 14 sql-dropsubscription
DROP TABLE remove a table 14 sql-droptable
DROP TABLESPACE remove a tablespace 14 sql-droptablespace
DROP TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION remove a text search configuration 14 sql-droptsconfig
DROP TEXT SEARCH DICTIONARY remove a text search dictionary 14 sql-droptsdictionary
DROP TEXT SEARCH PARSER remove a text search parser 14 sql-droptsparser
DROP TEXT SEARCH TEMPLATE remove a text search template 14 sql-droptstemplate
DROP TRANSFORM remove a transform 14 sql-droptransform
DROP TRIGGER remove a trigger 14 sql-droptrigger
DROP TYPE remove a data type 14 sql-droptype
DROP USER remove a database role 14 sql-dropuser
DROP USER MAPPING remove a user mapping for a foreign server 14 sql-dropusermapping
DROP VIEW remove a view 14 sql-dropview
END commit the current transaction 14 sql-end
EXECUTE execute a prepared statement 14 sql-execute
EXPLAIN show the execution plan of a statement 14 sql-explain
FETCH retrieve rows from a query using a cursor 14 sql-fetch
GRANT define access privileges 14 sql-grant
IMPORT FOREIGN SCHEMA import table definitions from a foreign server 14 sql-importforeignschema
INSERT create new rows in a table 14 sql-insert
LISTEN listen for a notification 14 sql-listen
LOAD load a shared library file 14 sql-load
LOCK lock a table 14 sql-lock
MERGE conditionally insert, update, or delete rows of a table 15 sql-merge
MOVE position a cursor 14 sql-move
NOTIFY generate a notification 14 sql-notify
PREPARE prepare a statement for execution 14 sql-prepare
PREPARE TRANSACTION prepare the current transaction for two-phase commit 14 sql-prepare-transaction
REASSIGN OWNED change the ownership of database objects owned by a database role 14 sql-reassign-owned
REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW replace the contents of a materialized view 14 sql-refreshmaterializedview
REINDEX rebuild indexes 14 sql-reindex
RELEASE SAVEPOINT release a previously defined savepoint 14 sql-release-savepoint
RESET restore the value of a run-time parameter to the default value 14 sql-reset
REVOKE remove access privileges 14 sql-revoke
ROLLBACK abort the current transaction 14 sql-rollback
ROLLBACK PREPARED cancel a transaction that was earlier prepared for two-phase commit 14 sql-rollback-prepared
ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT roll back to a savepoint 14 sql-rollback-to
SAVEPOINT define a new savepoint within the current transaction 14 sql-savepoint
SECURITY LABEL define or change a security label applied to an object 14 sql-security-label
SELECT retrieve rows from a table or view 14 sql-select
SELECT INTO define a new table from the results of a query 14 sql-selectinto
SET change a run-time parameter 14 sql-set
SET CONSTRAINTS set constraint check timing for the current transaction 14 sql-set-constraints
SET ROLE set the current user identifier of the current session 14 sql-set-role
SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION set the session user identifier and the current user identifier of the current session 14 sql-set-session-authorization
SET TRANSACTION set the characteristics of the current transaction 14 sql-set-transaction
SHOW show the value of a run-time parameter 14 sql-show
START TRANSACTION start a transaction block 14 sql-start-transaction
TABLE retrieve rows from a table or view 14 sql-select
TRUNCATE empty a table or set of tables 14 sql-truncate
UNLISTEN stop listening for a notification 14 sql-unlisten
UPDATE update rows of a table 14 sql-update
VACUUM garbage-collect and optionally analyze a database 14 sql-vacuum
VALUES compute a set of rows 14 sql-values
WITH retrieve rows from a table or view 14 sql-select

Key words

The parser's key words and how each may be used as a name.

Name Summary Since Manual
ABORT Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
ABSENT Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 16 sql-keywords-appendix
ABSOLUTE Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
ACCESS Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
ACTION Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
ADD Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
ADMIN Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
AFTER Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
AGGREGATE Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
ALL Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
ALSO Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
ALTER Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
ALWAYS Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
ANALYSE Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
ANALYZE Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
AND Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
ANY Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
ARRAY Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
AS Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
ASC Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
ASENSITIVE Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
ASSERTION Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
ASSIGNMENT Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
ASYMMETRIC Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
AT Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
ATOMIC Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
ATTACH Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
ATTRIBUTE Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
AUTHORIZATION Key word that can be used as a function or type name but not as a table or column name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
BACKWARD Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
BEFORE Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
BEGIN Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
BETWEEN Key word that can be used as a table or column name but not as a function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
BIGINT Key word that can be used as a table or column name but not as a function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
BINARY Key word that can be used as a function or type name but not as a table or column name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
BIT Key word that can be used as a table or column name but not as a function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
BOOLEAN Key word that can be used as a table or column name but not as a function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
BOTH Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
BREADTH Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
BY Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
CACHE Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
CALL Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
CALLED Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
CASCADE Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
CASCADED Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
CASE Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
CAST Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
CATALOG Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
CHAIN Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
CHAR Key word that can be used as a table or column name but not as a function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
CHARACTER Key word that can be used as a table or column name but not as a function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
CHARACTERISTICS Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
CHECK Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
CHECKPOINT Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
CLASS Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
CLOSE Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
CLUSTER Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
COALESCE Key word that can be used as a table or column name but not as a function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
COLLATE Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
COLLATION Key word that can be used as a function or type name but not as a table or column name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
COLUMN Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
COLUMNS Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
COMMENT Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
COMMENTS Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
COMMIT Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
COMMITTED Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
COMPRESSION Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
CONCURRENTLY Key word that can be used as a function or type name but not as a table or column name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
CONDITIONAL Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 17 sql-keywords-appendix
CONFIGURATION Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
CONFLICT Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
CONNECTION Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
CONSTRAINT Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
CONSTRAINTS Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
CONTENT Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
CONTINUE Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
CONVERSION Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
COPY Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
COST Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
CREATE Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
CROSS Key word that can be used as a function or type name but not as a table or column name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
CSV Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
CUBE Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
CURRENT Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
CURRENT_CATALOG Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
CURRENT_DATE Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
CURRENT_ROLE Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
CURRENT_SCHEMA Key word that can be used as a function or type name but not as a table or column name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
CURRENT_TIME Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
CURRENT_USER Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
CURSOR Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
CYCLE Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
DATA Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
DATABASE Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
DAY Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
DEALLOCATE Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
DEC Key word that can be used as a table or column name but not as a function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
DECIMAL Key word that can be used as a table or column name but not as a function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
DECLARE Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
DEFAULT Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
DEFAULTS Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
DEFERRABLE Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
DEFERRED Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
DEFINER Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
DELETE Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
DELIMITER Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
DELIMITERS Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
DEPENDS Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
DEPTH Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
DESC Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
DETACH Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
DICTIONARY Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
DISABLE Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
DISCARD Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
DISTINCT Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
DO Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
DOCUMENT Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
DOMAIN Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
DOUBLE Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
DROP Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
EACH Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
ELSE Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
EMPTY Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 17 sql-keywords-appendix
ENABLE Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
ENCODING Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
ENCRYPTED Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
END Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
ENFORCED Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 18 sql-keywords-appendix
ENUM Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
ERROR Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 17 sql-keywords-appendix
ESCAPE Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
EVENT Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
EXCEPT Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
EXCLUDE Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
EXCLUDING Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
EXCLUSIVE Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
EXECUTE Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
EXISTS Key word that can be used as a table or column name but not as a function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
EXPLAIN Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
EXPRESSION Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
EXTENSION Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
EXTERNAL Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
EXTRACT Key word that can be used as a table or column name but not as a function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
FALSE Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
FAMILY Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
FETCH Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
FILTER Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
FINALIZE Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
FIRST Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
FLOAT Key word that can be used as a table or column name but not as a function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
FOLLOWING Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
FOR Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
FORCE Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
FOREIGN Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
FORMAT Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 16 sql-keywords-appendix
FORWARD Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
FREEZE Key word that can be used as a function or type name but not as a table or column name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
FROM Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
FULL Key word that can be used as a function or type name but not as a table or column name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
FUNCTION Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
FUNCTIONS Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
GENERATED Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
GLOBAL Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
GRANT Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
GRANTED Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
GREATEST Key word that can be used as a table or column name but not as a function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
GROUP Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
GROUPING Key word that can be used as a table or column name but not as a function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
GROUPS Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
HANDLER Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
HAVING Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
HEADER Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
HOLD Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
HOUR Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
IDENTITY Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
IF Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
ILIKE Key word that can be used as a function or type name but not as a table or column name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
IMMEDIATE Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
IMMUTABLE Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
IMPLICIT Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
IMPORT Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
IN Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
INCLUDE Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
INCLUDING Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
INCREMENT Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
INDENT Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 16 sql-keywords-appendix
INDEX Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
INDEXES Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
INHERIT Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
INHERITS Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
INITIALLY Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
INLINE Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
INNER Key word that can be used as a function or type name but not as a table or column name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
INOUT Key word that can be used as a table or column name but not as a function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
INPUT Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
INSENSITIVE Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
INSERT Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
INSTEAD Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
INT Key word that can be used as a table or column name but not as a function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
INTEGER Key word that can be used as a table or column name but not as a function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
INTERSECT Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
INTERVAL Key word that can be used as a table or column name but not as a function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
INTO Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
INVOKER Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
IS Key word that can be used as a function or type name but not as a table or column name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
ISNULL Key word that can be used as a function or type name but not as a table or column name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
ISOLATION Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
JOIN Key word that can be used as a function or type name but not as a table or column name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
JSON Key word that can be used as a table or column name but not as a function or type name. 16 sql-keywords-appendix
JSON_ARRAY Key word that can be used as a table or column name but not as a function or type name. 16 sql-keywords-appendix
JSON_ARRAYAGG Key word that can be used as a table or column name but not as a function or type name. 16 sql-keywords-appendix
JSON_EXISTS Key word that can be used as a table or column name but not as a function or type name. 17 sql-keywords-appendix
JSON_OBJECT Key word that can be used as a table or column name but not as a function or type name. 16 sql-keywords-appendix
JSON_OBJECTAGG Key word that can be used as a table or column name but not as a function or type name. 16 sql-keywords-appendix
JSON_QUERY Key word that can be used as a table or column name but not as a function or type name. 17 sql-keywords-appendix
JSON_SCALAR Key word that can be used as a table or column name but not as a function or type name. 17 sql-keywords-appendix
JSON_SERIALIZE Key word that can be used as a table or column name but not as a function or type name. 17 sql-keywords-appendix
JSON_TABLE Key word that can be used as a table or column name but not as a function or type name. 17 sql-keywords-appendix
JSON_VALUE Key word that can be used as a table or column name but not as a function or type name. 17 sql-keywords-appendix
KEEP Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 17 sql-keywords-appendix
KEY Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
KEYS Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 16 sql-keywords-appendix
LABEL Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
LANGUAGE Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
LARGE Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
LAST Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
LATERAL Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
LEADING Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
LEAKPROOF Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
LEAST Key word that can be used as a table or column name but not as a function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
LEFT Key word that can be used as a function or type name but not as a table or column name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
LEVEL Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
LIKE Key word that can be used as a function or type name but not as a table or column name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
LIMIT Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
LISTEN Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
LOAD Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
LOCAL Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
LOCALTIME Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
LOCALTIMESTAMP Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
LOCATION Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
LOCK Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
LOCKED Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
LOGGED Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
MAPPING Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
MATCH Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
MATCHED Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 15 sql-keywords-appendix
MATERIALIZED Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
MAXVALUE Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
MERGE Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 15 sql-keywords-appendix
MERGE_ACTION Key word that can be used as a table or column name but not as a function or type name. 17 sql-keywords-appendix
METHOD Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
MINUTE Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
MINVALUE Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
MODE Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
MONTH Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
MOVE Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
NAME Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
NAMES Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
NATIONAL Key word that can be used as a table or column name but not as a function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
NATURAL Key word that can be used as a function or type name but not as a table or column name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
NCHAR Key word that can be used as a table or column name but not as a function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
NESTED Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 17 sql-keywords-appendix
NEW Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
NEXT Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
NFC Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
NFD Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
NFKC Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
NFKD Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
NO Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
NONE Key word that can be used as a table or column name but not as a function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
NORMALIZE Key word that can be used as a table or column name but not as a function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
NORMALIZED Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
NOT Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
NOTHING Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
NOTIFY Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
NOTNULL Key word that can be used as a function or type name but not as a table or column name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
NOWAIT Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
NULL Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
NULLIF Key word that can be used as a table or column name but not as a function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
NULLS Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
NUMERIC Key word that can be used as a table or column name but not as a function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
OBJECT Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
OBJECTS Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 18 sql-keywords-appendix
OF Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
OFF Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
OFFSET Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
OIDS Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
OLD Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
OMIT Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 17 sql-keywords-appendix
ON Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
ONLY Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
OPERATOR Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
OPTION Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
OPTIONS Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
OR Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
ORDER Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
ORDINALITY Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
OTHERS Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
OUT Key word that can be used as a table or column name but not as a function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
OUTER Key word that can be used as a function or type name but not as a table or column name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
OVER Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
OVERLAPS Key word that can be used as a function or type name but not as a table or column name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
OVERLAY Key word that can be used as a table or column name but not as a function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
OVERRIDING Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
OWNED Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
OWNER Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
PARALLEL Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
PARAMETER Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 15 sql-keywords-appendix
PARSER Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
PARTIAL Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
PARTITION Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
PASSING Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
PASSWORD Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
PATH Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 17 sql-keywords-appendix
PERIOD Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 18 sql-keywords-appendix
PLACING Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
PLAN Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 17 sql-keywords-appendix
PLANS Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
POLICY Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
POSITION Key word that can be used as a table or column name but not as a function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
PRECEDING Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
PRECISION Key word that can be used as a table or column name but not as a function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
PREPARE Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
PREPARED Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
PRESERVE Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
PRIMARY Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
PRIOR Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
PRIVILEGES Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
PROCEDURAL Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
PROCEDURE Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
PROCEDURES Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
PROGRAM Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
PUBLICATION Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
QUOTE Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
QUOTES Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 17 sql-keywords-appendix
RANGE Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
READ Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
REAL Key word that can be used as a table or column name but not as a function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
REASSIGN Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
RECURSIVE Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
REF Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
REFERENCES Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
REFERENCING Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
REFRESH Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
REINDEX Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
RELATIVE Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
RELEASE Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
RENAME Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
REPEATABLE Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
REPLACE Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
REPLICA Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
RESET Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
RESTART Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
RESTRICT Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
RETURN Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
RETURNING Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
RETURNS Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
REVOKE Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
RIGHT Key word that can be used as a function or type name but not as a table or column name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
ROLE Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
ROLLBACK Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
ROLLUP Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
ROUTINE Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
ROUTINES Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
ROW Key word that can be used as a table or column name but not as a function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
ROWS Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
RULE Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
SAVEPOINT Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
SCALAR Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 16 sql-keywords-appendix
SCHEMA Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
SCHEMAS Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
SCROLL Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
SEARCH Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
SECOND Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
SECURITY Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
SELECT Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
SEQUENCE Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
SEQUENCES Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
SERIALIZABLE Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
SERVER Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
SESSION Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
SESSION_USER Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
SET Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
SETOF Key word that can be used as a table or column name but not as a function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
SETS Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
SHARE Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
SHOW Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
SIMILAR Key word that can be used as a function or type name but not as a table or column name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
SIMPLE Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
SKIP Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
SMALLINT Key word that can be used as a table or column name but not as a function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
SNAPSHOT Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
SOME Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
SOURCE Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 17 sql-keywords-appendix
SQL Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
STABLE Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
STANDALONE Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
START Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
STATEMENT Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
STATISTICS Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
STDIN Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
STDOUT Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
STORAGE Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
STORED Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
STRICT Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
STRING Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 17 sql-keywords-appendix
STRIP Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
SUBSCRIPTION Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
SUBSTRING Key word that can be used as a table or column name but not as a function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
SUPPORT Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
SYMMETRIC Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
SYSID Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
SYSTEM Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
SYSTEM_USER Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 16 sql-keywords-appendix
TABLE Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
TABLES Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
TABLESAMPLE Key word that can be used as a function or type name but not as a table or column name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
TABLESPACE Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
TARGET Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 17 sql-keywords-appendix
TEMP Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
TEMPLATE Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
TEMPORARY Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
TEXT Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
THEN Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
TIES Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
TIME Key word that can be used as a table or column name but not as a function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
TIMESTAMP Key word that can be used as a table or column name but not as a function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
TO Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
TRAILING Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
TRANSACTION Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
TRANSFORM Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
TREAT Key word that can be used as a table or column name but not as a function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
TRIGGER Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
TRIM Key word that can be used as a table or column name but not as a function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
TRUE Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
TRUNCATE Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
TRUSTED Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
TYPE Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
TYPES Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
UESCAPE Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
UNBOUNDED Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
UNCOMMITTED Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
UNCONDITIONAL Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 17 sql-keywords-appendix
UNENCRYPTED Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
UNION Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
UNIQUE Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
UNKNOWN Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
UNLISTEN Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
UNLOGGED Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
UNTIL Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
UPDATE Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
USER Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
USING Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
VACUUM Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
VALID Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
VALIDATE Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
VALIDATOR Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
VALUE Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
VALUES Key word that can be used as a table or column name but not as a function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
VARCHAR Key word that can be used as a table or column name but not as a function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
VARIADIC Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
VARYING Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
VERBOSE Key word that can be used as a function or type name but not as a table or column name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
VERSION Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
VIEW Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
VIEWS Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
VIRTUAL Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 18 sql-keywords-appendix
VOLATILE Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
WHEN Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
WHERE Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
WHITESPACE Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
WINDOW Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
WITH Reserved key word: it cannot be used as an unquoted table, column, function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
WITHIN Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
WITHOUT Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
WORK Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
WRAPPER Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
WRITE Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
XML Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
XMLATTRIBUTES Key word that can be used as a table or column name but not as a function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
XMLCONCAT Key word that can be used as a table or column name but not as a function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
XMLELEMENT Key word that can be used as a table or column name but not as a function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
XMLEXISTS Key word that can be used as a table or column name but not as a function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
XMLFOREST Key word that can be used as a table or column name but not as a function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
XMLNAMESPACES Key word that can be used as a table or column name but not as a function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
XMLPARSE Key word that can be used as a table or column name but not as a function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
XMLPI Key word that can be used as a table or column name but not as a function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
XMLROOT Key word that can be used as a table or column name but not as a function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
XMLSERIALIZE Key word that can be used as a table or column name but not as a function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
XMLTABLE Key word that can be used as a table or column name but not as a function or type name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
YEAR Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
YES Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix
ZONE Non-reserved key word: it has a special meaning only in some contexts and can be used as a name. 14 sql-keywords-appendix

Data types

Types from the manual's data types tables, with the names they are also known by.

Name Summary Since Manual
any Indicates that a function accepts any input data type. 14 datatype-pseudo
anyarray Indicates that a function accepts any array data type. 14 datatype-pseudo
anycompatible Indicates that a function accepts any data type, with automatic promotion of multiple arguments to a common data type. 14 datatype-pseudo
anycompatiblearray Indicates that a function accepts any array data type, with automatic promotion of multiple arguments to a common data type. 14 datatype-pseudo
anycompatiblemultirange Indicates that a function accepts any multirange data type, with automatic promotion of multiple arguments to a common data type. 14 datatype-pseudo
anycompatiblenonarray Indicates that a function accepts any non-array data type, with automatic promotion of multiple arguments to a common data type. 14 datatype-pseudo
anycompatiblerange Indicates that a function accepts any range data type, with automatic promotion of multiple arguments to a common data type. 14 datatype-pseudo
anyelement Indicates that a function accepts any data type. 14 datatype-pseudo
anyenum Indicates that a function accepts any enum data type. 14 datatype-pseudo
anymultirange Indicates that a function accepts any multirange data type. 14 datatype-pseudo
anynonarray Indicates that a function accepts any non-array data type. 14 datatype-pseudo
anyrange Indicates that a function accepts any range data type. 14 datatype-pseudo
bigint (int8) signed eight-byte integer 14 datatype-numeric
bigserial (serial8) autoincrementing eight-byte integer 14 datatype-numeric
bit fixed-length bit string 14 datatype-bit
bit varying (varbit) variable-length bit string 14 datatype-bit
boolean (bool) logical Boolean (true/false) 14 datatype-boolean
box rectangular box on a plane 14 datatype-geometric
bytea binary data (byte array) 14 datatype-binary
character (char) fixed-length character string 14 datatype-character
character varying (varchar) variable-length character string 14 datatype-character
cidr IPv4 or IPv6 network address 14 datatype-net-types
circle circle on a plane 14 datatype-geometric
cstring Indicates that a function accepts or returns a null-terminated C string. 14 datatype-pseudo
date calendar date (year, month, day) 14 datatype-datetime
double precision (float, float8) double precision floating-point number (8 bytes) 14 datatype-numeric
event_trigger An event trigger function is declared to return event_trigger. 14 datatype-pseudo
fdw_handler A foreign-data wrapper handler is declared to return fdw_handler. 14 datatype-pseudo
index_am_handler An index access method handler is declared to return index_am_handler. 14 datatype-pseudo
inet IPv4 or IPv6 host address 14 datatype-net-types
integer (int, int4) signed four-byte integer 14 datatype-numeric
internal Indicates that a function accepts or returns a server-internal data type. 14 datatype-pseudo
interval time span 14 datatype-datetime
json textual JSON data 14 datatype
jsonb binary JSON data, decomposed 14 datatype
language_handler A procedural language call handler is declared to return language_handler. 14 datatype-pseudo
line infinite line on a plane 14 datatype-geometric
lseg line segment on a plane 14 datatype-geometric
macaddr MAC (Media Access Control) address 14 datatype-net-types
macaddr8 MAC (Media Access Control) address (EUI-64 format) 14 datatype-net-types
money currency amount 14 datatype-money
numeric (decimal) exact numeric of selectable precision 14 datatype-numeric
path geometric path on a plane 14 datatype-geometric
pg_ddl_command Identifies a representation of DDL commands that is available to event triggers. 14 datatype-pseudo
pg_lsn PostgreSQL Log Sequence Number 14 datatype-pg-lsn
pg_snapshot user-level transaction ID snapshot 14 datatype
point geometric point on a plane 14 datatype-geometric
polygon closed geometric path on a plane 14 datatype-geometric
real (float4) single precision floating-point number (4 bytes) 14 datatype-numeric
record Identifies a function taking or returning an unspecified row type. 14 datatype-pseudo
serial (serial4) autoincrementing four-byte integer 14 datatype-numeric
smallint (int2) signed two-byte integer 14 datatype-numeric
smallserial (serial2) autoincrementing two-byte integer 14 datatype-numeric
table_am_handler A table access method handler is declared to return table_am_handler. 14 datatype-pseudo
text variable-length character string 14 datatype-character
time time of day (no time zone) 14 datatype-datetime
time with time zone (timetz) time of day, including time zone 14 datatype-datetime
timestamp date and time (no time zone) 14 datatype-datetime
timestamp with time zone (timestamptz) date and time, including time zone 14 datatype-datetime
trigger A trigger function is declared to return trigger. 14 datatype-pseudo
tsm_handler A tablesample method handler is declared to return tsm_handler. 14 datatype-pseudo
tsquery text search query 14 datatype-textsearch
tsvector text search document 14 datatype-textsearch
txid_snapshot user-level transaction ID snapshot (deprecated; see pg_snapshot) 14 datatype
unknown Identifies a not-yet-resolved type, e.g., of an undecorated string literal. 14 datatype-pseudo
uuid universally unique identifier 14 datatype-uuid
void Indicates that a function returns no value. 14 datatype-pseudo
xml XML data 14 datatype-xml

Functions

Functions the manual documents. Overloads are merged into one entry.

Name Summary Since Manual
abbrev Creates an abbreviated display format as text 14 functions-net
abs Absolute value 14 functions-math
acldefault Constructs an aclitem array holding the default access privileges for an object of type type belonging to the role with OID ownerId 14 functions-info
aclexplode Returns the aclitem array as a set of rows 14 functions-info
acos Inverse cosine, result in radians 14 functions-math
acosd Inverse cosine, result in degrees 14 functions-math
acosh Inverse hyperbolic cosine 14 functions-math
age Subtract arguments, producing a symbolic result that uses years and months, rather than just days 14 functions-datetime
area Computes area 14 functions-geometry
array_append Appends an element to the end of an array (same as the anycompatiblearray || anycompatible operator) 14 functions-array
array_cat Concatenates two arrays (same as the anycompatiblearray || anycompatiblearray operator) 14 functions-array
array_dims Returns a text representation of the array's dimensions 14 functions-array
array_fill Returns an array filled with copies of the given value, having dimensions of the lengths specified by the second argument 14 functions-array
array_length Returns the length of the requested array dimension 14 functions-array
array_lower Returns the lower bound of the requested array dimension 14 functions-array
array_ndims Returns the number of dimensions of the array 14 functions-array
array_position Returns the subscript of the first occurrence of the second argument in the array, or NULL if it's not present 14 functions-array
array_positions Returns an array of the subscripts of all occurrences of the second argument in the array given as first argument 14 functions-array
array_prepend Prepends an element to the beginning of an array (same as the anycompatible || anycompatiblearray operator) 14 functions-array
array_remove Removes all elements equal to the given value from the array 14 functions-array
array_replace Replaces each array element equal to the second argument with the third argument 14 functions-array
array_reverse Reverses the first dimension of the array 18 functions-array
array_sample Returns an array of n items randomly selected from array 16 functions-array
array_shuffle Randomly shuffles the first dimension of the array 16 functions-array
array_sort Sorts the first dimension of the array 18 functions-array
array_to_json Converts an SQL array to a JSON array 14 functions-json
array_to_string Converts each array element to its text representation, and concatenates those separated by the delimiter string 14 functions-array
array_to_tsvector Converts an array of text strings to a tsvector 14 functions-textsearch
array_upper Returns the upper bound of the requested array dimension 14 functions-array
ascii Returns the numeric code of the first character of the argument 14 functions-string
asin Inverse sine, result in radians 14 functions-math
asind Inverse sine, result in degrees 14 functions-math
asinh Inverse hyperbolic sine 14 functions-math
atan Inverse tangent, result in radians 14 functions-math
atan2 Inverse tangent of y/x, result in radians 14 functions-math
atan2d Inverse tangent of y/x, result in degrees 14 functions-math
atand Inverse tangent, result in degrees 14 functions-math
atanh Inverse hyperbolic tangent 14 functions-math
bit_count Returns the number of bits set in the binary string (also known as popcount) 14 functions-binarystring
bit_length Returns number of bits in the string (8 times the octet_length) 14 functions-string
bound_box Computes bounding box of two boxes 14 functions-geometry
box Computes box inscribed within the circle 14 functions-geometry
brin_desummarize_range Removes the BRIN index tuple that summarizes the page range covering the given table block, if there is one 14 functions-admin
brin_summarize_new_values Scans the specified BRIN index to find page ranges in the base table that are not currently summarized by the index; for any such range it creates a new summary index tuple by scanning those table pages 14 functions-admin
brin_summarize_range Summarizes the page range covering the given block, if not already summarized 14 functions-admin
broadcast Computes the broadcast address for the address's network 14 functions-net
btrim Removes the longest string containing only characters in characters (a space by default) from the start and end of string 14 functions-string
cardinality Returns the total number of elements in the array, or 0 if the array is empty 14 functions-array
casefold Performs case folding of the input string according to the collation 18 functions-string
cbrt Cube root 14 functions-math
ceil Nearest integer greater than or equal to argument 14 functions-math
ceiling Nearest integer greater than or equal to argument (same as ceil) 14 functions-math
center Computes center point 14 functions-geometry
character_length Returns number of characters in the string 14 functions-string
char_length Returns number of characters in the string 14 functions-string
chr Returns the character with the given code 14 functions-string
circle Computes smallest circle enclosing box 14 functions-geometry
clock_timestamp Current date and time (changes during statement execution) 14 functions-datetime
coalesce The COALESCE function returns the first of its arguments that is not null 14 functions-conditional
collation for Returns the name of the collation of the value that is passed to it 14 functions-info
columns COLUMNS ( json_table_column , .. 17 functions-json
col_description Returns the comment for a table column, which is specified by the OID of its table and its column number 14 functions-info
concat Concatenates the text representations of all the arguments 14 functions-string
concat_ws Concatenates all but the first argument, with separators 14 functions-string
convert Converts a binary string representing text in encoding src_encoding to a binary string in encoding dest_encoding ( for available conversions) 14 functions-binarystring
convert_from Converts a binary string representing text in encoding src_encoding to text in the database encoding ( for available conversions) 14 functions-binarystring
convert_to Converts a text string (in the database encoding) to a binary string encoded in encoding dest_encoding ( for available conversions) 14 functions-binarystring
cos Cosine, argument in radians 14 functions-math
cosd Cosine, argument in degrees 14 functions-math
cosh Hyperbolic cosine 14 functions-math
cot Cotangent, argument in radians 14 functions-math
cotd Cotangent, argument in degrees 14 functions-math
crc32 Computes the CRC-32 value of the binary string 18 functions-binarystring
crc32c Computes the CRC-32C value of the binary string 18 functions-binarystring
current_catalog Returns the name of the current database 14 functions-info
current_database Returns the name of the current database 14 functions-info
current_date Current date 14 functions-datetime
current_query Returns the text of the currently executing query, as submitted by the client (which might contain more than one statement) 14 functions-info
current_role This is equivalent to current_user 14 functions-info
current_schema Returns the name of the schema that is first in the search path (or a null value if the search path is empty) 14 functions-info
current_schemas Returns an array of the names of all schemas presently in the effective search path, in their priority order 14 functions-info
current_setting Returns the current value of the setting setting_name 14 functions-admin
current_time Current time of day 14 functions-datetime
current_timestamp Current date and time (start of current transaction) 14 functions-datetime
current_user Returns the user name of the current execution context 14 functions-info
currval Returns the value most recently obtained by nextval for this sequence in the current session 14 functions-sequence
cursor_to_xml cursor_to_xml fetches the indicated number of rows from the cursor specified by the parameter cursor 14 functions-xml
cursor_to_xmlschema map cursor structure to XML Schema 14 functions-xml
database_to_xml map database contents to XML 14 functions-xml
database_to_xmlschema map database structure to XML Schema 14 functions-xml
database_to_xml_and_xmlschema map database contents and structure to XML and XML Schema 14 functions-xml
date_add Add an interval to a timestamp with time zone, computing times of day and daylight-savings adjustments according to the time zone named by the third argument, or the current setting if that is omitted 16 functions-datetime
date_bin Bin input into specified interval aligned with specified origin 14 functions-datetime
date_part Get timestamp subfield (equivalent to extract) 14 functions-datetime
date_subtract Subtract an interval from a timestamp with time zone, computing times of day and daylight-savings adjustments according to the time zone named by the third argument, or the current setting if that is omitted 16 functions-datetime
date_trunc Truncate to specified precision 14 functions-datetime
decode Decodes binary data from a textual representation; supported format values are the same as for encode 14 functions-binarystring
degrees Converts radians to degrees 14 functions-math
diagonal Extracts box's diagonal as a line segment (same as lseg(box)) 14 functions-geometry
diameter Computes diameter of circle 14 functions-geometry
div Integer quotient of y/x (truncates towards zero) 14 functions-math
encode Encodes binary data into a textual representation; supported format values are: base64, escape, hex 14 functions-binarystring
enum_first Returns the first value of the input enum type 14 functions-enum
enum_last Returns the last value of the input enum type 14 functions-enum
enum_range Returns all values of the input enum type in an ordered array 14 functions-enum
erf Error function 16 functions-math
erfc Complementary error function (1 - erf(x), without loss of precision for large inputs) 16 functions-math
exists The argument of EXISTS is an arbitrary SELECT statement, or subquery 14 functions-subquery
exp Exponential (e raised to the given power) 14 functions-math
extract Get timestamp subfield 14 functions-datetime
factorial Factorial 14 functions-math
family Returns the address's family: 4 for IPv4, 6 for IPv6 14 functions-net
floor Nearest integer less than or equal to argument 14 functions-math
format Formats arguments according to a format string 14 functions-string
format_type Returns the SQL name for a data type that is identified by its type OID and possibly a type modifier 14 functions-info
gamma Gamma function 18 functions-math
gcd Greatest common divisor (the largest positive number that divides both inputs with no remainder); returns 0 if both inputs are zero; available for integer, bigint, and numeric 14 functions-math
generate_series Generates a series of values from start to stop, with a step size of step 14 functions-srf
generate_subscripts Generates a series comprising the valid subscripts of the dim'th dimension of the given array 14 functions-srf
gen_random_uuid Generates a version 4 (random) UUID 14 functions-uuid
get_bit Extracts n'th bit from binary string 14 functions-binarystring
get_byte Extracts n'th byte from binary string 14 functions-binarystring
get_current_ts_config Returns the OID of the current default text search configuration (as set by ) 14 functions-textsearch
gin_clean_pending_list Cleans up the pending list of the specified GIN index by moving entries in it, in bulk, to the main GIN data structure 14 functions-admin
greatest The GREATEST and LEAST functions select the largest or smallest value from a list of any number of expressions 14 functions-conditional
grouping Returns a bit mask indicating which GROUP BY expressions are not included in the current grouping set 14 functions-aggregate
has_any_column_privilege Does user have privilege for any column of table? 14 functions-info
has_column_privilege Does user have privilege for the specified table column? 14 functions-info
has_database_privilege Does user have privilege for database? 14 functions-info
has_foreign_data_wrapper_privilege Does user have privilege for foreign-data wrapper? 14 functions-info
has_function_privilege Does user have privilege for function? 14 functions-info
has_language_privilege Does user have privilege for language? 14 functions-info
has_largeobject_privilege Does user have privilege for large object? 18 functions-info
has_parameter_privilege Does user have privilege for configuration parameter? 15 functions-info
has_schema_privilege Does user have privilege for schema? 14 functions-info
has_sequence_privilege Does user have privilege for sequence? 14 functions-info
has_server_privilege Does user have privilege for foreign server? 14 functions-info
has_tablespace_privilege Does user have privilege for tablespace? 14 functions-info
has_table_privilege Does user have privilege for table? 14 functions-info
has_type_privilege Does user have privilege for data type? 14 functions-info
height Computes vertical size of box 14 functions-geometry
host Returns the IP address as text, ignoring the netmask 14 functions-net
hostmask Computes the host mask for the address's network 14 functions-net
icu_unicode_version Returns a string representing the version of Unicode used by ICU, if the server was built with ICU support; otherwise returns NULL 17 functions-info
inet_client_addr Returns the IP address of the current client, or NULL if the current connection is via a Unix-domain socket 14 functions-info
inet_client_port Returns the IP port number of the current client, or NULL if the current connection is via a Unix-domain socket 14 functions-info
inet_merge Computes the smallest network that includes both of the given networks 14 functions-net
inet_same_family Tests whether the addresses belong to the same IP family 14 functions-net
inet_server_addr Returns the IP address on which the server accepted the current connection, or NULL if the current connection is via a Unix-domain socket 14 functions-info
inet_server_port Returns the IP port number on which the server accepted the current connection, or NULL if the current connection is via a Unix-domain socket 14 functions-info
initcap Converts the first letter of each word to upper case and the rest to lower case 14 functions-string
isclosed Is path closed? 14 functions-geometry
isempty Is the range empty? 14 functions-range
isfinite Test for finite date (not +/-infinity) 14 functions-datetime
isopen Is path open? 14 functions-geometry
json Converts a given expression specified as text or bytea string (in UTF8 encoding) into a JSON value 17 functions-json
jsonb_array_elements Expands the top-level JSON array into a set of JSON values 14 functions-json
jsonb_array_elements_text Expands the top-level JSON array into a set of text values 14 functions-json
jsonb_array_length Returns the number of elements in the top-level JSON array 14 functions-json
jsonb_build_array Builds a possibly-heterogeneously-typed JSON array out of a variadic argument list 14 functions-json
jsonb_build_object Builds a JSON object out of a variadic argument list 14 functions-json
jsonb_each Expands the top-level JSON object into a set of key/value pairs 14 functions-json
jsonb_each_text Expands the top-level JSON object into a set of key/value pairs 14 functions-json
jsonb_extract_path Extracts JSON sub-object at the specified path 14 functions-json
jsonb_extract_path_text Extracts JSON sub-object at the specified path as text 14 functions-json
jsonb_insert Returns target with new_value inserted 14 functions-json
jsonb_object Builds a JSON object out of a text array 14 functions-json
jsonb_object_keys Returns the set of keys in the top-level JSON object 14 functions-json
jsonb_path_exists Checks whether the JSON path returns any item for the specified JSON value 14 functions-json
jsonb_path_exists_tz These functions act like their counterparts described above without the _tz suffix, except that these functions support comparisons of date/time values that require timezone-aware conversions 14 functions-json
jsonb_path_match Returns the SQL boolean result of a JSON path predicate check for the specified JSON value 14 functions-json
jsonb_path_match_tz These functions act like their counterparts described above without the _tz suffix, except that these functions support comparisons of date/time values that require timezone-aware conversions 14 functions-json
jsonb_path_query Returns all JSON items returned by the JSON path for the specified JSON value 14 functions-json
jsonb_path_query_array Returns all JSON items returned by the JSON path for the specified JSON value, as a JSON array 14 functions-json
jsonb_path_query_array_tz These functions act like their counterparts described above without the _tz suffix, except that these functions support comparisons of date/time values that require timezone-aware conversions 14 functions-json
jsonb_path_query_first Returns the first JSON item returned by the JSON path for the specified JSON value, or NULL if there are no results 14 functions-json
jsonb_path_query_first_tz These functions act like their counterparts described above without the _tz suffix, except that these functions support comparisons of date/time values that require timezone-aware conversions 14 functions-json
jsonb_path_query_tz These functions act like their counterparts described above without the _tz suffix, except that these functions support comparisons of date/time values that require timezone-aware conversions 14 functions-json
jsonb_populate_record Expands the top-level JSON object to a row having the composite type of the base argument 14 functions-json
jsonb_populate_recordset Expands the top-level JSON array of objects to a set of rows having the composite type of the base argument 14 functions-json
jsonb_populate_record_valid Function for testing jsonb_populate_record 17 functions-json
jsonb_pretty Converts the given JSON value to pretty-printed, indented text 14 functions-json
jsonb_set Returns target with the item designated by path replaced by new_value, or with new_value added if create_if_missing is true (which is the default) and the item designated by path does not exist 14 functions-json
jsonb_set_lax If new_value is not NULL, behaves identically to jsonb_set 14 functions-json
jsonb_strip_nulls Deletes all object fields that have null values from the given JSON value, recursively 14 functions-json
jsonb_to_record Expands the top-level JSON object to a row having the composite type defined by an AS clause 14 functions-json
jsonb_to_recordset Expands the top-level JSON array of objects to a set of rows having the composite type defined by an AS clause 14 functions-json
jsonb_to_tsvector Selects each item in the JSON document that is requested by the filter and converts each one to a tsvector, normalizing words according to the specified or default configuration 14 functions-textsearch
jsonb_typeof Returns the type of the top-level JSON value as a text string 14 functions-json
json_array Constructs a JSON array from either a series of value_expression parameters or from the results of query_expression, which must be a SELECT query returning a single column 16 functions-json
json_arrayagg Behaves in the same way as json_array but as an aggregate function so it only takes one value_expression parameter 16 functions-aggregate
json_array_elements Expands the top-level JSON array into a set of JSON values 14 functions-json
json_array_elements_text Expands the top-level JSON array into a set of text values 14 functions-json
json_array_length Returns the number of elements in the top-level JSON array 14 functions-json
json_build_array Builds a possibly-heterogeneously-typed JSON array out of a variadic argument list 14 functions-json
json_build_object Builds a JSON object out of a variadic argument list 14 functions-json
json_each Expands the top-level JSON object into a set of key/value pairs 14 functions-json
json_each_text Expands the top-level JSON object into a set of key/value pairs 14 functions-json
json_exists Returns true if the SQL/JSON path_expression applied to the context_item yields any items, false otherwise 17 functions-json
json_extract_path Extracts JSON sub-object at the specified path 14 functions-json
json_extract_path_text Extracts JSON sub-object at the specified path as text 14 functions-json
json_object Constructs a JSON object of all the key/value pairs given, or an empty object if none are given 14 functions-json
json_objectagg Behaves like json_object, but as an aggregate function, so it only takes one key_expression and one value_expression parameter 16 functions-aggregate
json_object_keys Returns the set of keys in the top-level JSON object 14 functions-json
json_populate_record Expands the top-level JSON object to a row having the composite type of the base argument 14 functions-json
json_populate_recordset Expands the top-level JSON array of objects to a set of rows having the composite type of the base argument 14 functions-json
json_query Returns the result of applying the SQL/JSON path_expression to the context_item 17 functions-json
json_scalar Converts a given SQL scalar value into a JSON scalar value 17 functions-json
json_serialize Converts an SQL/JSON expression into a character or binary string 17 functions-json
json_strip_nulls Deletes all object fields that have null values from the given JSON value, recursively 14 functions-json
json_table Each syntax element is described below in more detail 17 functions-json
json_to_record Expands the top-level JSON object to a row having the composite type defined by an AS clause 14 functions-json
json_to_recordset Expands the top-level JSON array of objects to a set of rows having the composite type defined by an AS clause 14 functions-json
json_to_tsvector Selects each item in the JSON document that is requested by the filter and converts each one to a tsvector, normalizing words according to the specified or default configuration 14 functions-textsearch
json_typeof Returns the type of the top-level JSON value as a text string 14 functions-json
json_value Returns the result of applying the SQL/JSON path_expression to the context_item 17 functions-json
justify_days Adjust interval, converting 30-day time periods to months 14 functions-datetime
justify_hours Adjust interval, converting 24-hour time periods to days 14 functions-datetime
justify_interval Adjust interval using justify_days and justify_hours, with additional sign adjustments 14 functions-datetime
lastval Returns the value most recently returned by nextval in the current session 14 functions-sequence
lcm Least common multiple (the smallest strictly positive number that is an integral multiple of both inputs); returns 0 if either input is zero; available for integer, bigint, and numeric 14 functions-math
least The GREATEST and LEAST functions select the largest or smallest value from a list of any number of expressions 14 functions-conditional
left Returns first n characters in the string, or when n is negative, returns all but last |n| characters 14 functions-string
length Returns the number of characters in the string 14 functions-string
lgamma Natural logarithm of the absolute value of the gamma function 18 functions-math
line Converts two points to the line through them 14 functions-geometry
ln Natural logarithm 14 functions-math
localtime Current time of day 14 functions-datetime
localtimestamp Current date and time (start of current transaction) 14 functions-datetime
log Base 10 logarithm 14 functions-math
log10 Base 10 logarithm (same as log) 14 functions-math
lower Converts the string to all lower case, according to the rules of the database's locale 14 functions-string
lower_inc Is the range's lower bound inclusive? 14 functions-range
lower_inf Does the range have no lower bound? 14 functions-range
lpad Extends the string to length length by prepending the characters fill (a space by default) 14 functions-string
lseg Extracts box's diagonal as a line segment 14 functions-geometry
ltrim Removes the longest string containing only characters in characters (a space by default) from the start of string 14 functions-string
macaddr8_set7bit Sets the 7th bit of the address to one, creating what is known as modified EUI-64, for inclusion in an IPv6 address 14 functions-net
makeaclitem Constructs an aclitem with the given properties 14 functions-info
make_date Create date from year, month and day fields (negative years signify BC) 14 functions-datetime
make_interval Create interval from years, months, weeks, days, hours, minutes and seconds fields, each of which can default to zero 14 functions-datetime
make_time Create time from hour, minute and seconds fields 14 functions-datetime
make_timestamp Create timestamp from year, month, day, hour, minute and seconds fields (negative years signify BC) 14 functions-datetime
make_timestamptz Create timestamp with time zone from year, month, day, hour, minute and seconds fields (negative years signify BC) 14 functions-datetime
masklen Returns the netmask length in bits 14 functions-net
md5 Computes the MD5 hash of the argument, with the result written in hexadecimal 14 functions-string
merge_action Returns the merge action command executed for the current row 17 functions-merge-support
min_scale Minimum scale (number of fractional decimal digits) needed to represent the supplied value precisely 14 functions-math
mod Remainder of y/x; available for smallint, integer, bigint, and numeric 14 functions-math
multirange Returns a multirange containing just the given range 14 functions-range
mxid_age Returns the number of multixacts IDs between the supplied multixact ID and the current multixacts counter 14 functions-info
netmask Computes the network mask for the address's network 14 functions-net
network Returns the network part of the address, zeroing out whatever is to the right of the netmask 14 functions-net
nextval Advances the sequence object to its next value and returns that value 14 functions-sequence
normalize Converts the string to the specified Unicode normalization form 14 functions-string
now Current date and time (start of current transaction) 14 functions-datetime
npoints Returns the number of points 14 functions-geometry
nullif The NULLIF function returns a null value if value1 equals value2; otherwise it returns value1 14 functions-conditional
numnode Returns the number of lexemes plus operators in the tsquery 14 functions-textsearch
num_nonnulls Returns the number of non-null arguments 14 functions-comparison
num_nulls Returns the number of null arguments 14 functions-comparison
obj_description Returns the comment for a database object specified by its OID and the name of the containing system catalog 14 functions-info
octet_length Returns number of bytes in the string 14 functions-string
overlay Replaces the substring of string that starts at the start'th character and extends for count characters with newsubstring 14 functions-string
parse_ident Splits qualified_identifier into an array of identifiers, removing any quoting of individual identifiers 14 functions-string
path Converts polygon to a closed path with the same list of points 14 functions-geometry
pclose Converts path to closed form 14 functions-geometry
pg_advisory_lock Obtains an exclusive session-level advisory lock, waiting if necessary 14 functions-admin
pg_advisory_lock_shared Obtains a shared session-level advisory lock, waiting if necessary 14 functions-admin
pg_advisory_unlock Releases a previously-acquired exclusive session-level advisory lock 14 functions-admin
pg_advisory_unlock_all Releases all session-level advisory locks held by the current session 14 functions-admin
pg_advisory_unlock_shared Releases a previously-acquired shared session-level advisory lock 14 functions-admin
pg_advisory_xact_lock Obtains an exclusive transaction-level advisory lock, waiting if necessary 14 functions-admin
pg_advisory_xact_lock_shared Obtains a shared transaction-level advisory lock, waiting if necessary 14 functions-admin
pg_available_wal_summaries Returns information about the WAL summary files present in the data directory, under pg_wal/summaries 17 functions-info
pg_backend_pid Returns the process ID of the server process attached to the current session 14 functions-info
pg_backup_start Prepares the server to begin an on-line backup 15 functions-admin
pg_backup_stop Finishes performing an on-line backup 15 functions-admin
pg_basetype Returns the OID of the base type of a domain identified by its type OID 17 functions-info
pg_blocking_pids Returns an array of the process ID(s) of the sessions that are blocking the server process with the specified process ID from acquiring a lock, or an empty array if there is no such server process or it is not blocked 14 functions-info
pg_cancel_backend Cancels the current query of the session whose backend process has the specified process ID 14 functions-admin
pg_char_to_encoding Converts the supplied encoding name into an integer representing the internal identifier used in some system catalog tables 14 functions-info
pg_clear_attribute_stats Clears column-level statistics for the given relation and attribute, as though the table was newly created 18 functions-admin
pg_clear_relation_stats Clears table-level statistics for the given relation, as though the table was newly created 18 functions-admin
pg_client_encoding Returns current client encoding name 14 functions-string
pg_collation_actual_version Returns the actual version of the collation object as it is currently installed in the operating system 14 functions-admin
pg_collation_is_visible Is collation visible in search path? 14 functions-info
pg_column_compression Shows the compression algorithm that was used to compress an individual variable-length value 14 functions-admin
pg_column_size Shows the number of bytes used to store any individual data value 14 functions-admin
pg_column_toast_chunk_id Shows the chunk_id of an on-disk TOASTed value 17 functions-admin
pg_conf_load_time Returns the time when the server configuration files were last loaded 14 functions-info
pg_control_checkpoint Returns information about current checkpoint state, as shown 14 functions-info
pg_control_init Returns information about cluster initialization state, as shown 14 functions-info
pg_control_recovery Returns information about recovery state, as shown 14 functions-info
pg_control_system Returns information about current control file state, as shown 14 functions-info
pg_conversion_is_visible Is conversion visible in search path? 14 functions-info
pg_copy_logical_replication_slot Copies an existing logical replication slot named src_slot_name to a logical replication slot named dst_slot_name, optionally changing the output plugin and persistence 14 functions-admin
pg_copy_physical_replication_slot Copies an existing physical replication slot named src_slot_name to a physical replication slot named dst_slot_name 14 functions-admin
pg_create_logical_replication_slot Creates a new logical (decoding) replication slot named slot_name using the output plugin plugin 14 functions-admin
pg_create_physical_replication_slot Creates a new physical replication slot named slot_name 14 functions-admin
pg_create_restore_point Creates a named marker record in the write-ahead log that can later be used as a recovery target, and returns the corresponding write-ahead log location 14 functions-admin
pg_current_logfile Returns the path name of the log file currently in use by the logging collector 14 functions-info
pg_current_snapshot Returns a current snapshot, a data structure showing which transaction IDs are now in-progress 14 functions-info
pg_current_wal_flush_lsn Returns the current write-ahead log flush location (see notes below) 14 functions-admin
pg_current_wal_insert_lsn Returns the current write-ahead log insert location (see notes below) 14 functions-admin
pg_current_wal_lsn Returns the current write-ahead log write location (see notes below) 14 functions-admin
pg_current_xact_id Returns the current transaction's ID 14 functions-info
pg_current_xact_id_if_assigned Returns the current transaction's ID, or NULL if no ID is assigned yet 14 functions-info
pg_database_collation_actual_version Returns the actual version of the database's collation as it is currently installed in the operating system 15 functions-admin
pg_database_size Computes the total disk space used by the database with the specified name or OID 14 functions-admin
pg_describe_object Returns a textual description of a database object identified by catalog OID, object OID, and sub-object ID (such as a column number within a table; the sub-object ID is zero when referring to a whole object) 14 functions-info
pg_drop_replication_slot Drops the physical or logical replication slot named slot_name 14 functions-admin
pg_encoding_to_char Converts the integer used as the internal identifier of an encoding in some system catalog tables into a human-readable string 14 functions-info
pg_event_trigger_ddl_commands pg_event_trigger_ddl_commands returns a list of DDL commands executed by each user action, when invoked in a function attached to a ddl_command_end event trigger 14 functions-event-triggers
pg_event_trigger_dropped_objects pg_event_trigger_dropped_objects returns a list of all objects dropped by the command in whose sql_drop event it is called 14 functions-event-triggers
pg_event_trigger_table_rewrite_oid Returns the OID of the table about to be rewritten 14 functions-event-triggers
pg_event_trigger_table_rewrite_reason Returns a code explaining the reason(s) for rewriting 14 functions-event-triggers
pg_export_snapshot Saves the transaction's current snapshot and returns a text string identifying the snapshot 14 functions-admin
pg_filenode_relation Returns a relation's OID given the tablespace OID and filenode it is stored under 14 functions-admin
pg_function_is_visible Is function visible in search path? 14 functions-info
pg_get_acl Returns the ACL for a database object, specified by catalog OID, object OID and sub-object ID 18 functions-info
pg_get_catalog_foreign_keys Returns a set of records describing the foreign key relationships that exist within the PostgreSQL system catalogs 14 functions-info
pg_get_constraintdef Reconstructs the creating command for a constraint 14 functions-info
pg_get_expr Decompiles the internal form of an expression stored in the system catalogs, such as the default value for a column 14 functions-info
pg_get_functiondef Reconstructs the creating command for a function or procedure 14 functions-info
pg_get_function_arguments Reconstructs the argument list of a function or procedure, in the form it would need to appear in within CREATE FUNCTION (including default values) 14 functions-info
pg_get_function_identity_arguments Reconstructs the argument list necessary to identify a function or procedure, in the form it would need to appear in within commands such as ALTER FUNCTION 14 functions-info
pg_get_function_result Reconstructs the RETURNS clause of a function, in the form it would need to appear in within CREATE FUNCTION 14 functions-info
pg_get_indexdef Reconstructs the creating command for an index 14 functions-info
pg_get_keywords Returns a set of records describing the SQL keywords recognized by the server 14 functions-info
pg_get_loaded_modules Returns a list of the loadable modules that are loaded into the current server session 18 functions-info
pg_get_multixact_members Returns the transaction ID and lock mode for each member of the specified multixact ID 14 functions-info
pg_get_object_address Returns a row containing enough information to uniquely identify the database object specified by a type code and object name and argument arrays 14 functions-info
pg_get_partition_constraintdef Reconstructs the definition of a partition constraint 14 functions-info
pg_get_partkeydef Reconstructs the definition of a partitioned table's partition key, in the form it would have in the PARTITION BY clause of CREATE TABLE 14 functions-info
pg_get_ruledef Reconstructs the creating command for a rule 14 functions-info
pg_get_serial_sequence Returns the name of the sequence associated with a column, or NULL if no sequence is associated with the column 14 functions-info
pg_get_statisticsobjdef Reconstructs the creating command for an extended statistics object 14 functions-info
pg_get_triggerdef Reconstructs the creating command for a trigger 14 functions-info
pg_get_userbyid Returns a role's name given its OID 14 functions-info
pg_get_viewdef Reconstructs the underlying SELECT command for a view or materialized view 14 functions-info
pg_get_wal_replay_pause_state Returns recovery pause state 14 functions-admin
pg_get_wal_resource_managers Returns the currently-loaded WAL resource managers in the system 15 functions-admin
pg_get_wal_summarizer_state Returns information about the progress of the WAL summarizer 17 functions-info
pg_has_role Does user have privilege for role? 14 functions-info
pg_identify_object Returns a row containing enough information to uniquely identify the database object specified by catalog OID, object OID and sub-object ID 14 functions-info
pg_identify_object_as_address Returns a row containing enough information to uniquely identify the database object specified by catalog OID, object OID and sub-object ID 14 functions-info
pg_import_system_collations Adds collations to the system catalog pg_collation based on all the locales it finds in the operating system 14 functions-admin
pg_indexam_has_property Tests whether an index access method has the named property 14 functions-info
pg_indexes_size Computes the total disk space used by indexes attached to the specified table 14 functions-admin
pg_index_column_has_property Tests whether an index column has the named property 14 functions-info
pg_index_has_property Tests whether an index has the named property 14 functions-info
pg_input_error_info Tests whether the given string is valid input for the specified data type; if not, return the details of the error that would have been thrown 16 functions-info
pg_input_is_valid Tests whether the given string is valid input for the specified data type, returning true or false 16 functions-info
pg_is_in_recovery Returns true if recovery is still in progress 14 functions-admin
pg_is_other_temp_schema Returns true if the given OID is the OID of another session's temporary schema 14 functions-info
pg_is_wal_replay_paused Returns true if recovery pause is requested 14 functions-admin
pg_jit_available Returns true if a JIT compiler extension is available and the configuration parameter is set 14 functions-info
pg_last_committed_xact Returns the transaction ID, commit timestamp and replication origin of the latest committed transaction 14 functions-info
pg_last_wal_receive_lsn Returns the last write-ahead log location that has been received and synced to disk by streaming replication 14 functions-admin
pg_last_wal_replay_lsn Returns the last write-ahead log location that has been replayed during recovery 14 functions-admin
pg_last_xact_replay_timestamp Returns the time stamp of the last transaction replayed during recovery 14 functions-admin
pg_listening_channels Returns the set of names of asynchronous notification channels that the current session is listening to 14 functions-info
pg_logical_emit_message Emits a logical decoding message 14 functions-admin
pg_logical_slot_get_binary_changes Behaves just like the pg_logical_slot_get_changes() function, except that changes are returned as bytea 14 functions-admin
pg_logical_slot_get_changes Returns changes in the slot slot_name, starting from the point from which changes have been consumed last 14 functions-admin
pg_logical_slot_peek_binary_changes Behaves just like the pg_logical_slot_peek_changes() function, except that changes are returned as bytea 14 functions-admin
pg_logical_slot_peek_changes Behaves just like the pg_logical_slot_get_changes() function, except that changes are not consumed; that is, they will be returned again on future calls 14 functions-admin
pg_log_backend_memory_contexts Requests to log the memory contexts of the backend with the specified process ID 14 functions-admin
pg_log_standby_snapshot Take a snapshot of running transactions and write it to WAL, without having to wait for bgwriter or checkpointer to log one 16 functions-admin
pg_ls_archive_statusdir Returns the name, size, and last modification time (mtime) of each ordinary file in the server's WAL archive status directory (pg_wal/archive_status) 14 functions-admin
pg_ls_dir Returns the names of all files (and directories and other special files) in the specified directory 14 functions-admin
pg_ls_logdir Returns the name, size, and last modification time (mtime) of each ordinary file in the server's log directory 14 functions-admin
pg_ls_logicalmapdir Returns the name, size, and last modification time (mtime) of each ordinary file in the server's pg_logical/mappings directory 15 functions-admin
pg_ls_logicalsnapdir Returns the name, size, and last modification time (mtime) of each ordinary file in the server's pg_logical/snapshots directory 15 functions-admin
pg_ls_replslotdir Returns the name, size, and last modification time (mtime) of each ordinary file in the server's pg_replslot/slot_name directory, where slot_name is the name of the replication slot provided as input of the function 15 functions-admin
pg_ls_summariesdir Returns the name, size, and last modification time (mtime) of each ordinary file in the server's WAL summaries directory (pg_wal/summaries) 18 functions-admin
pg_ls_tmpdir Returns the name, size, and last modification time (mtime) of each ordinary file in the temporary file directory for the specified tablespace 14 functions-admin
pg_ls_waldir Returns the name, size, and last modification time (mtime) of each ordinary file in the server's write-ahead log (WAL) directory 14 functions-admin
pg_mcv_list_items pg_mcv_list_items returns a set of records describing all items stored in a multi-column MCV list 14 functions-statistics
pg_my_temp_schema Returns the OID of the current session's temporary schema, or zero if it has none (because it has not created any temporary tables) 14 functions-info
pg_notification_queue_usage Returns the fraction (0-1) of the asynchronous notification queue's maximum size that is currently occupied by notifications that are waiting to be processed 14 functions-info
pg_numa_available Returns true if the server has been compiled with NUMA support 18 functions-info
pg_opclass_is_visible Is operator class visible in search path? 14 functions-info
pg_operator_is_visible Is operator visible in search path? 14 functions-info
pg_opfamily_is_visible Is operator family visible in search path? 14 functions-info
pg_options_to_table Returns the set of storage options represented by a value from pg_class.reloptions or pg_attribute.attoptions 14 functions-info
pg_partition_ancestors Lists the ancestor relations of the given partition, including the relation itself 14 functions-admin
pg_partition_root Returns the top-most parent of the partition tree to which the given relation belongs 14 functions-admin
pg_partition_tree Lists the tables or indexes in the partition tree of the given partitioned table or partitioned index, with one row for each partition 14 functions-admin
pg_postmaster_start_time Returns the time when the server started 14 functions-info
pg_promote Promotes a standby server to primary status 14 functions-admin
pg_read_binary_file Returns all or part of a file 14 functions-admin
pg_read_file Returns all or part of a text file, starting at the given byte offset, returning at most length bytes (less if the end of file is reached first) 14 functions-admin
pg_relation_filenode Returns the filenode number currently assigned to the specified relation 14 functions-admin
pg_relation_filepath Returns the entire file path name (relative to the database cluster's data directory, PGDATA) of the relation 14 functions-admin
pg_relation_size Computes the disk space used by one fork of the specified relation 14 functions-admin
pg_reload_conf Causes all processes of the PostgreSQL server to reload their configuration files 14 functions-admin
pg_replication_origin_advance Sets replication progress for the given node to the given location 14 functions-admin
pg_replication_origin_create Creates a replication origin with the given external name, and returns the internal ID assigned to it 14 functions-admin
pg_replication_origin_drop Deletes a previously-created replication origin, including any associated replay progress 14 functions-admin
pg_replication_origin_oid Looks up a replication origin by name and returns the internal ID 14 functions-admin
pg_replication_origin_progress Returns the replay location for the given replication origin 14 functions-admin
pg_replication_origin_session_is_setup Returns true if a replication origin has been selected in the current session 14 functions-admin
pg_replication_origin_session_progress Returns the replay location for the replication origin selected in the current session 14 functions-admin
pg_replication_origin_session_reset Cancels the effects of pg_replication_origin_session_setup() 14 functions-admin
pg_replication_origin_session_setup Marks the current session as replaying from the given origin, allowing replay progress to be tracked 14 functions-admin
pg_replication_origin_xact_reset Cancels the effects of pg_replication_origin_xact_setup() 14 functions-admin
pg_replication_origin_xact_setup Marks the current transaction as replaying a transaction that has committed at the given LSN and timestamp 14 functions-admin
pg_replication_slot_advance Advances the current confirmed position of a replication slot named slot_name 14 functions-admin
pg_restore_attribute_stats Creates or updates column-level statistics 18 functions-admin
pg_restore_relation_stats Updates table-level statistics 18 functions-admin
pg_rotate_logfile Signals the log-file manager to switch to a new output file immediately 14 functions-admin
pg_safe_snapshot_blocking_pids Returns an array of the process ID(s) of the sessions that are blocking the server process with the specified process ID from acquiring a safe snapshot, or an empty array if there is no such server process or it is not blocked 14 functions-info
pg_settings_get_flags Returns an array of the flags associated with the given GUC, or NULL if it does not exist 15 functions-info
pg_size_bytes Converts a size in human-readable format (as returned by pg_size_pretty) into bytes 14 functions-admin
pg_size_pretty Converts a size in bytes into a more easily human-readable format with size units (bytes, kB, MB, GB, TB, or PB as appropriate) 14 functions-admin
pg_sleep pg_sleep makes the current session's process sleep until the given number of seconds have elapsed 14 functions-datetime
pg_sleep_for pg_sleep_for is a convenience function to allow the sleep time to be specified as an interval 14 functions-datetime
pg_sleep_until pg_sleep_until is a convenience function for when a specific wake-up time is desired 14 functions-datetime
pg_snapshot_xip Returns the set of in-progress transaction IDs contained in a snapshot 14 functions-info
pg_snapshot_xmax Returns the xmax of a snapshot 14 functions-info
pg_snapshot_xmin Returns the xmin of a snapshot 14 functions-info
pg_split_walfile_name Extracts the sequence number and timeline ID from a WAL file name 16 functions-admin
pg_statistics_obj_is_visible Is statistics object visible in search path? 14 functions-info
pg_stat_file Returns a record containing the file's size, last access time stamp, last modification time stamp, last file status change time stamp (Unix platforms only), file creation time stamp (Windows only), and a flag indicating if it is a directory 14 functions-admin
pg_switch_wal Forces the server to switch to a new write-ahead log file, which allows the current file to be archived (assuming you are using continuous archiving) 14 functions-admin
pg_sync_replication_slots Synchronize the logical failover replication slots from the primary server to the standby server 17 functions-admin
pg_tablespace_databases Returns the set of OIDs of databases that have objects stored in the specified tablespace 14 functions-info
pg_tablespace_location Returns the file system path that this tablespace is located in 14 functions-info
pg_tablespace_size Computes the total disk space used in the tablespace with the specified name or OID 14 functions-admin
pg_table_is_visible Is table visible in search path? 14 functions-info
pg_table_size Computes the disk space used by the specified table, excluding indexes (but including its TOAST table if any, free space map, and visibility map) 14 functions-admin
pg_terminate_backend Terminates the session whose backend process has the specified process ID 14 functions-admin
pg_total_relation_size Computes the total disk space used by the specified table, including all indexes and TOAST data 14 functions-admin
pg_trigger_depth Returns the current nesting level of PostgreSQL triggers (0 if not called, directly or indirectly, from inside a trigger) 14 functions-info
pg_try_advisory_lock Obtains an exclusive session-level advisory lock if available 14 functions-admin
pg_try_advisory_lock_shared Obtains a shared session-level advisory lock if available 14 functions-admin
pg_try_advisory_xact_lock Obtains an exclusive transaction-level advisory lock if available 14 functions-admin
pg_try_advisory_xact_lock_shared Obtains a shared transaction-level advisory lock if available 14 functions-admin
pg_ts_config_is_visible Is text search configuration visible in search path? 14 functions-info
pg_ts_dict_is_visible Is text search dictionary visible in search path? 14 functions-info
pg_ts_parser_is_visible Is text search parser visible in search path? 14 functions-info
pg_ts_template_is_visible Is text search template visible in search path? 14 functions-info
pg_typeof Returns the OID of the data type of the value that is passed to it 14 functions-info
pg_type_is_visible Is type (or domain) visible in search path? 14 functions-info
pg_visible_in_snapshot Is the given transaction ID visible according to this snapshot (that is, was it completed before the snapshot was taken)? 14 functions-info
pg_walfile_name Converts a write-ahead log location to the name of the WAL file holding that location 14 functions-admin
pg_walfile_name_offset Converts a write-ahead log location to a WAL file name and byte offset within that file 14 functions-admin
pg_wal_lsn_diff Calculates the difference in bytes (lsn1 - lsn2) between two write-ahead log locations 14 functions-admin
pg_wal_replay_pause Request to pause recovery 14 functions-admin
pg_wal_replay_resume Restarts recovery if it was paused 14 functions-admin
pg_wal_summary_contents Returns one information about the contents of a single WAL summary file identified by TLI and starting and ending LSNs 17 functions-info
pg_xact_commit_timestamp Returns the commit timestamp of a transaction 14 functions-info
pg_xact_commit_timestamp_origin Returns the commit timestamp and replication origin of a transaction 14 functions-info
pg_xact_status Reports the commit status of a recent transaction 14 functions-info
phraseto_tsquery Converts text to a tsquery, normalizing words according to the specified or default configuration 14 functions-textsearch
pi Approximate value of pi 14 functions-math
plainto_tsquery Converts text to a tsquery, normalizing words according to the specified or default configuration 14 functions-textsearch
point Constructs point from its coordinates 14 functions-geometry
polygon Converts box to a 4-point polygon 14 functions-geometry
popen Converts path to open form 14 functions-geometry
position Returns first starting index of the specified substring within string, or zero if it's not present 14 functions-string
power a raised to the power of b 14 functions-math
querytree Produces a representation of the indexable portion of a tsquery 14 functions-textsearch
query_to_xml query_to_xml executes the query whose text is passed as parameter query and maps the result set 14 functions-xml
query_to_xmlschema map query result structure to XML Schema 14 functions-xml
query_to_xml_and_xmlschema map query result and structure to XML and XML Schema 14 functions-xml
quote_ident Returns the given string suitably quoted to be used as an identifier in an SQL statement string 14 functions-string
quote_literal Returns the given string suitably quoted to be used as a string literal in an SQL statement string 14 functions-string
quote_nullable Returns the given string suitably quoted to be used as a string literal in an SQL statement string; or, if the argument is null, returns NULL 14 functions-string
radians Converts degrees to radians 14 functions-math
radius Computes radius of circle 14 functions-geometry
random Returns a random value in the range 0.0 <= x < 1.0 14 functions-math
random_normal Returns a random value from the normal distribution with the given parameters; mean defaults to 0.0 and stddev defaults to 1.0 16 functions-math
range_merge Computes the smallest range that includes both of the given ranges 14 functions-range
regexp_count Returns the number of times the POSIX regular expression pattern matches in the string 15 functions-string
regexp_instr Returns the position within string where the N'th match of the POSIX regular expression pattern occurs, or zero if there is no such match 15 functions-string
regexp_like Checks whether a match of the POSIX regular expression pattern occurs within string 15 functions-string
regexp_match Returns substrings within the first match of the POSIX regular expression pattern to the string 14 functions-string
regexp_matches Returns substrings within the first match of the POSIX regular expression pattern to the string, or substrings within all such matches if the g flag is used 14 functions-string
regexp_replace Replaces the substring that is the first match to the POSIX regular expression pattern, or all such matches if the g flag is used 14 functions-string
regexp_split_to_array Splits string using a POSIX regular expression as the delimiter, producing an array of results 14 functions-string
regexp_split_to_table Splits string using a POSIX regular expression as the delimiter, producing a set of results 14 functions-string
regexp_substr Returns the substring within string that matches the N'th occurrence of the POSIX regular expression pattern, or NULL if there is no such match 15 functions-string
repeat Repeats string the specified number of times 14 functions-string
replace Replaces all occurrences in string of substring from with substring to 14 functions-string
reverse Reverses the order of the characters in the string 14 functions-string
right Returns last n characters in the string, or when n is negative, returns all but first |n| characters 14 functions-string
round Rounds to nearest integer 14 functions-math
row_security_active Is row-level security active for the specified table in the context of the current user and current environment? 14 functions-info
row_to_json Converts an SQL composite value to a JSON object 14 functions-json
rpad Extends the string to length length by appending the characters fill (a space by default) 14 functions-string
rtrim Removes the longest string containing only characters in characters (a space by default) from the end of string 14 functions-string
scale Scale of the argument (the number of decimal digits in the fractional part) 14 functions-math
schema_to_xml map schema contents to XML 14 functions-xml
schema_to_xmlschema map schema structure to XML Schema 14 functions-xml
schema_to_xml_and_xmlschema map schema contents and structure to XML and XML Schema 14 functions-xml
session_user Returns the session user's name 14 functions-info
setseed Sets the seed for subsequent random() and random_normal() calls; argument must be between -1.0 and 1.0, inclusive 14 functions-math
setval Sets the sequence object's current value, and optionally its is_called flag 14 functions-sequence
setweight Assigns the specified weight to each element of the vector 14 functions-textsearch
set_bit Sets n'th bit in binary string to newvalue 14 functions-binarystring
set_byte Sets n'th byte in binary string to newvalue 14 functions-binarystring
set_config Sets the parameter setting_name to new_value, and returns that value 14 functions-admin
set_masklen Sets the netmask length for an inet value 14 functions-net
sha224 Computes the SHA-224 hash of the binary string 14 functions-binarystring
sha256 Computes the SHA-256 hash of the binary string 14 functions-binarystring
sha384 Computes the SHA-384 hash of the binary string 14 functions-binarystring
sha512 Computes the SHA-512 hash of the binary string 14 functions-binarystring
shobj_description Returns the comment for a shared database object specified by its OID and the name of the containing system catalog 14 functions-info
sign Sign of the argument (-1, 0, or +1) 14 functions-math
sin Sine, argument in radians 14 functions-math
sind Sine, argument in degrees 14 functions-math
sinh Hyperbolic sine 14 functions-math
slope Computes slope of a line drawn through the two points 14 functions-geometry
split_part Splits string at occurrences of delimiter and returns the n'th field (counting from one), or when n is negative, returns the |n|'th-from-last field 14 functions-string
sqrt Square root 14 functions-math
starts_with Returns true if string starts with prefix 14 functions-string
statement_timestamp Current date and time (start of current statement) 14 functions-datetime
string_to_array Splits the string at occurrences of delimiter and forms the resulting fields into a text array 14 functions-string
string_to_table Splits the string at occurrences of delimiter and returns the resulting fields as a set of text rows 14 functions-string
strip Removes positions and weights from the tsvector 14 functions-textsearch
strpos Returns first starting index of the specified substring within string, or zero if it's not present 14 functions-string
substr Extracts the substring of string starting at the start'th character, and extending for count characters if that is specified 14 functions-string
substring Extracts the substring of string starting at the start'th character if that is specified, and stopping after count characters if that is specified 14 functions-string
suppress_redundant_updates_trigger Suppresses do-nothing update operations 14 functions-trigger
system_user Returns the authentication method and the identity (if any) that the user presented during the authentication cycle before they were assigned a database role 16 functions-info
table_to_xml table_to_xml maps the content of the named table, passed as parameter table 14 functions-xml
table_to_xmlschema map table structure to XML Schema 14 functions-xml
table_to_xml_and_xmlschema map table contents and structure to XML and XML Schema 14 functions-xml
tan Tangent, argument in radians 14 functions-math
tand Tangent, argument in degrees 14 functions-math
tanh Hyperbolic tangent 14 functions-math
text Returns the unabbreviated IP address and netmask length as text 14 functions-net
timeofday Current date and time (like clock_timestamp, but as a text string) 14 functions-datetime
to_ascii Converts string to ASCII from another encoding, which may be identified by name or number 14 functions-string
to_bin Converts the number to its equivalent two's complement binary representation 17 functions-string
to_char Converts time stamp to string according to the given format 14 functions-formatting
to_date Converts string to date according to the given format 14 functions-formatting
to_hex Converts the number to its equivalent two's complement hexadecimal representation 14 functions-string
to_json Converts any SQL value to json or jsonb 14 functions-json
to_jsonb Converts any SQL value to json or jsonb 14 functions-json
to_number Converts string to numeric according to the given format 14 functions-formatting
to_oct Converts the number to its equivalent two's complement octal representation 17 functions-string
to_regclass Translates a textual relation name to its OID 14 functions-info
to_regcollation Translates a textual collation name to its OID 14 functions-info
to_regnamespace Translates a textual schema name to its OID 14 functions-info
to_regoper Translates a textual operator name to its OID 14 functions-info
to_regoperator Translates a textual operator name (with parameter types) to its OID 14 functions-info
to_regproc Translates a textual function or procedure name to its OID 14 functions-info
to_regprocedure Translates a textual function or procedure name (with argument types) to its OID 14 functions-info
to_regrole Translates a textual role name to its OID 14 functions-info
to_regtype Parses a string of text, extracts a potential type name from it, and translates that name into a type OID 14 functions-info
to_regtypemod Parses a string of text, extracts a potential type name from it, and translates its type modifier, if any 17 functions-info
to_timestamp Converts string to time stamp according to the given format 14 functions-formatting
to_tsquery Converts text to a tsquery, normalizing words according to the specified or default configuration 14 functions-textsearch
to_tsvector Converts text to a tsvector, normalizing words according to the specified or default configuration 14 functions-textsearch
transaction_timestamp Current date and time (start of current transaction) 14 functions-datetime
translate Replaces each character in string that matches a character in the from set with the corresponding character in the to set 14 functions-string
trim Removes the longest string containing only characters in characters (a space by default) from the start, end, or both ends (BOTH is the default) of string 14 functions-string
trim_array Trims an array by removing the last n elements 14 functions-array
trim_scale Reduces the value's scale (number of fractional decimal digits) by removing trailing zeroes 14 functions-math
trunc Truncates to integer (towards zero) 14 functions-math
tsquery_phrase Constructs a phrase query that searches for matches of query1 and query2 at successive lexemes (same as <-> operator) 14 functions-textsearch
tsvector_to_array Converts a tsvector to an array of lexemes 14 functions-textsearch
tsvector_update_trigger Automatically updates a tsvector column from associated plain-text document column(s) 14 functions-trigger
tsvector_update_trigger_column Automatically updates a tsvector column from associated plain-text document column(s) 14 functions-trigger
ts_debug Extracts and normalizes tokens from the document according to the specified or default text search configuration, and returns information about how each token was processed 14 functions-textsearch
ts_delete Removes any occurrence of the given lexeme from the vector 14 functions-textsearch
ts_filter Selects only elements with the given weights from the vector 14 functions-textsearch
ts_headline Displays, in an abbreviated form, the match(es) for the query in the document, which must be raw text not a tsvector 14 functions-textsearch
ts_lexize Returns an array of replacement lexemes if the input token is known to the dictionary, or an empty array if the token is known to the dictionary but it is a stop word, or NULL if it is not a known word 14 functions-textsearch
ts_parse Extracts tokens from the document using the named parser 14 functions-textsearch
ts_rank Computes a score showing how well the vector matches the query 14 functions-textsearch
ts_rank_cd Computes a score showing how well the vector matches the query, using a cover density algorithm 14 functions-textsearch
ts_rewrite Replaces occurrences of target with substitute within the query 14 functions-textsearch
ts_stat Executes the sqlquery, which must return a single tsvector column, and returns statistics about each distinct lexeme contained in the data 14 functions-textsearch
ts_token_type Returns a table that describes each type of token the named parser can recognize 14 functions-textsearch
txid_current See pg_current_xact_id() 14 functions-info
txid_current_if_assigned See pg_current_xact_id_if_assigned() 14 functions-info
txid_current_snapshot See pg_current_snapshot() 14 functions-info
txid_snapshot_xip See pg_snapshot_xip() 14 functions-info
txid_snapshot_xmax See pg_snapshot_xmax() 14 functions-info
txid_snapshot_xmin See pg_snapshot_xmin() 14 functions-info
txid_status See pg_xact_status() 14 functions-info
txid_visible_in_snapshot See pg_visible_in_snapshot() 14 functions-info
unicode_assigned Returns true if all characters in the string are assigned Unicode codepoints; false otherwise 17 functions-string
unicode_version Returns a string representing the version of Unicode used by PostgreSQL 17 functions-info
unistr Evaluate escaped Unicode characters in the argument 14 functions-string
unnest Expands a tsvector into a set of rows, one per lexeme 14 functions-textsearch
upper Converts the string to all upper case, according to the rules of the database's locale 14 functions-string
upper_inc Is the range's upper bound inclusive? 14 functions-range
upper_inf Does the range have no upper bound? 14 functions-range
user This is equivalent to current_user 14 functions-info
uuidv4 Generates a version 4 (random) UUID 18 functions-uuid
uuidv7 Generates a version 7 (time-ordered) UUID 18 functions-uuid
uuid_extract_timestamp Extracts a timestamp with time zone from a UUID of version 1 or 7 17 functions-uuid
uuid_extract_version Extracts the version from a UUID of one of the variants described by RFC 9562 17 functions-uuid
version Returns a string describing the PostgreSQL server's version 14 functions-info
websearch_to_tsquery Converts text to a tsquery, normalizing words according to the specified or default configuration 14 functions-textsearch
width Computes horizontal size of box 14 functions-geometry
width_bucket Returns the number of the bucket in which operand falls in a histogram having count equal-width buckets spanning the range low to high 14 functions-math
xmlcomment The function xmlcomment creates an XML value containing an XML comment with the specified text as content 14 functions-xml
xmlconcat The function xmlconcat concatenates a list of individual XML values to create a single value containing an XML content fragment 14 functions-xml
xmlelement The xmlelement expression produces an XML element with the given name, attributes, and content 14 functions-xml
xmlexists The function xmlexists evaluates an XPath 1.0 expression (the first argument), with the passed XML value as its context item 14 functions-xml
xmlforest The xmlforest expression produces an XML forest (sequence) of elements using the given names and content 14 functions-xml
xmlnamespaces The optional XMLNAMESPACES clause gives a comma-separated list of namespace definitions, where each namespace_uri is a text expression and each namespace_name is a simple identifier 14 functions-xml
xmlpi The xmlpi expression creates an XML processing instruction 14 functions-xml
xmlroot The xmlroot expression alters the properties of the root node of an XML value 14 functions-xml
xmltable The xmltable expression produces a table based on an XML value, an XPath filter to extract rows, and a set of column definitions 14 functions-xml
xmltext The function xmltext returns an XML value with a single text node containing the input argument as its content 17 functions-xml
xml_is_well_formed xml_is_well_formed does the former if the configuration parameter is set to DOCUMENT, or the latter if it is set to CONTENT 14 functions-xml
xml_is_well_formed_content xml_is_well_formed_document checks for a well-formed document, while xml_is_well_formed_content checks for well-formed content 14 functions-xml
xml_is_well_formed_document xml_is_well_formed_document checks for a well-formed document, while xml_is_well_formed_content checks for well-formed content 14 functions-xml
xpath The function xpath evaluates the XPath 1.0 expression xpath (given as text) against the XML value xml 14 functions-xml
xpath_exists The function xpath_exists is a specialized form of the xpath function 14 functions-xml

Aggregate functions

Functions that combine many rows into one value.

Name Summary Since Manual
any_value Returns an arbitrary value from the non-null input values 16 functions-aggregate
array_agg Collects all the input values, including nulls, into an array 14 functions-aggregate
avg Computes the average (arithmetic mean) of all the non-null input values 14 functions-aggregate
bit_and Computes the bitwise AND of all non-null input values 14 functions-aggregate
bit_or Computes the bitwise OR of all non-null input values 14 functions-aggregate
bit_xor Computes the bitwise exclusive OR of all non-null input values 14 functions-aggregate
bool_and Returns true if all non-null input values are true, otherwise false 14 functions-aggregate
bool_or Returns true if any non-null input value is true, otherwise false 14 functions-aggregate
corr Computes the correlation coefficient 14 functions-aggregate
count Computes the number of input rows 14 functions-aggregate
covar_pop Computes the population covariance 14 functions-aggregate
covar_samp Computes the sample covariance 14 functions-aggregate
cume_dist Computes the cumulative distribution, that is (number of rows preceding or peers with hypothetical row) / (total rows) 14 functions-aggregate
dense_rank Computes the rank of the hypothetical row, without gaps; this function effectively counts peer groups 14 functions-aggregate
every This is the SQL standard's equivalent to bool_and 14 functions-aggregate
jsonb_agg Collects all the input values, including nulls, into a JSON array 14 functions-aggregate
jsonb_agg_strict Collects all the input values, skipping nulls, into a JSON array 16 functions-aggregate
jsonb_object_agg Collects all the key/value pairs into a JSON object 14 functions-aggregate
jsonb_object_agg_strict Collects all the key/value pairs into a JSON object 16 functions-aggregate
jsonb_object_agg_unique Collects all the key/value pairs into a JSON object 16 functions-aggregate
jsonb_object_agg_unique_strict Collects all the key/value pairs into a JSON object 16 functions-aggregate
json_agg Collects all the input values, including nulls, into a JSON array 14 functions-aggregate
json_agg_strict Collects all the input values, skipping nulls, into a JSON array 16 functions-aggregate
json_object_agg Collects all the key/value pairs into a JSON object 14 functions-aggregate
json_object_agg_strict Collects all the key/value pairs into a JSON object 16 functions-aggregate
json_object_agg_unique Collects all the key/value pairs into a JSON object 16 functions-aggregate
json_object_agg_unique_strict Collects all the key/value pairs into a JSON object 16 functions-aggregate
max Computes the maximum of the non-null input values 14 functions-aggregate
min Computes the minimum of the non-null input values 14 functions-aggregate
mode Computes the mode, the most frequent value of the aggregated argument (arbitrarily choosing the first one if there are multiple equally-frequent values) 14 functions-aggregate
percentile_cont Computes the continuous percentile, a value corresponding to the specified fraction within the ordered set of aggregated argument values 14 functions-aggregate
percentile_disc Computes the discrete percentile, the first value within the ordered set of aggregated argument values whose position in the ordering equals or exceeds the specified fraction 14 functions-aggregate
percent_rank Computes the relative rank of the hypothetical row, that is (rank - 1) / (total rows - 1) 14 functions-aggregate
range_agg Computes the union of the non-null input values 14 functions-aggregate
range_intersect_agg Computes the intersection of the non-null input values 14 functions-aggregate
rank Computes the rank of the hypothetical row, with gaps; that is, the row number of the first row in its peer group 14 functions-aggregate
regr_avgx Computes the average of the independent variable, sum(X)/N 14 functions-aggregate
regr_avgy Computes the average of the dependent variable, sum(Y)/N 14 functions-aggregate
regr_count Computes the number of rows in which both inputs are non-null 14 functions-aggregate
regr_intercept Computes the y-intercept of the least-squares-fit linear equation determined by the (X, Y) pairs 14 functions-aggregate
regr_r2 Computes the square of the correlation coefficient 14 functions-aggregate
regr_slope Computes the slope of the least-squares-fit linear equation determined by the (X, Y) pairs 14 functions-aggregate
regr_sxx Computes the sum of squares of the independent variable, sum(X^2) - sum(X)^2/N 14 functions-aggregate
regr_sxy Computes the sum of products of independent times dependent variables, sum(X*Y) - sum(X) * sum(Y)/N 14 functions-aggregate
regr_syy Computes the sum of squares of the dependent variable, sum(Y^2) - sum(Y)^2/N 14 functions-aggregate
stddev This is a historical alias for stddev_samp 14 functions-aggregate
stddev_pop Computes the population standard deviation of the input values 14 functions-aggregate
stddev_samp Computes the sample standard deviation of the input values 14 functions-aggregate
string_agg Concatenates the non-null input values into a string 14 functions-aggregate
sum Computes the sum of the non-null input values 14 functions-aggregate
variance This is a historical alias for var_samp 14 functions-aggregate
var_pop Computes the population variance of the input values (square of the population standard deviation) 14 functions-aggregate
var_samp Computes the sample variance of the input values (square of the sample standard deviation) 14 functions-aggregate
xmlagg Concatenates the non-null XML input values 14 functions-aggregate

Window functions

Functions that are used with OVER.

Name Summary Since Manual
first_value Returns value evaluated at the row that is the first row of the window frame 14 functions-window
lag Returns value evaluated at the row that is offset rows before the current row within the partition; if there is no such row, instead returns default (which must be of a type compatible with value) 14 functions-window
last_value Returns value evaluated at the row that is the last row of the window frame 14 functions-window
lead Returns value evaluated at the row that is offset rows after the current row within the partition; if there is no such row, instead returns default (which must be of a type compatible with value) 14 functions-window
nth_value Returns value evaluated at the row that is the n'th row of the window frame (counting from 1); returns NULL if there is no such row 14 functions-window
ntile Returns an integer ranging from 1 to the argument value, dividing the partition as equally as possible 14 functions-window
row_number Returns the number of the current row within its partition, counting from 1 14 functions-window

Operators

Operators the manual documents. Overloads are merged into one entry.

Name Summary Since Manual
! Boolean NOT 14 functions-json
!! Negates a tsquery, producing a query that matches documents that do not match the input query 14 functions-textsearch
!= Non-equality comparison 14 functions-json
!~ String does not match regular expression, case sensitively 14 functions-matching
!~* String does not match regular expression, case-insensitively 14 functions-matching
# Bitwise exclusive OR 14 functions-math
## Computes the closest point to the first object on the second object 14 functions-geometry
#- Deletes the field or array element at the specified path, where path elements can be either field keys or array indexes 14 functions-json
#> Extracts JSON sub-object at the specified path, where path elements can be either field keys or array indexes 14 functions-json
#>> Extracts JSON sub-object at the specified path as text 14 functions-json
% Modulo (remainder); available for smallint, integer, bigint, and numeric 14 functions-math
& Bitwise AND 14 functions-math
&& Do these objects overlap? 14 functions-geometry
&< Does first object not extend to the right of second? 14 functions-geometry
&<\| Does first object not extend above second? 14 functions-geometry
&> Does first object not extend to the left of second? 14 functions-geometry
* Multiplication 14 functions-math
+ Addition 14 functions-math
- Subtraction 14 functions-math
-> Extracts n'th element of JSON array (array elements are indexed from zero, but negative integers count from the end) 14 functions-json
->> Extracts n'th element of JSON array, as text 14 functions-json
-\|- Are the ranges adjacent? 14 functions-range
. Type of the JSON item (see json_typeof) 14 functions-json
/ Division (for integral types, division truncates the result towards zero) 14 functions-math
< Less-than comparison 14 functions-json
<-> Computes the distance between the objects 14 functions-geometry
<< Bitwise shift left 14 functions-math
<<= Is subnet contained by or equal to subnet? 14 functions-net
<<\| Is first object strictly below second? 14 functions-geometry
<= Less-than-or-equal-to comparison 14 functions-json
<> Non-equality comparison 14 functions-json
<@ Is first object contained in or on second? 14 functions-geometry
<^ Is first object below second (allows edges to touch)? 14 functions-geometry
= Are aclitems equal? 14 functions-info
== Equality comparison (this, and the other comparison operators, work on all JSON scalar values) 14 functions-json
> Greater-than comparison 14 functions-json
>= Greater-than-or-equal-to comparison 14 functions-json
>> Bitwise shift right 14 functions-math
>>= Does subnet contain or equal subnet? 14 functions-net
>^ Is first object above second (allows edges to touch)? 14 functions-geometry
? Does the text string exist as a top-level key or array element within the JSON value? 14 functions-json
?# Do these objects intersect? 14 functions-geometry
?& Do all of the strings in the text array exist as top-level keys or array elements? 14 functions-json
?- Is line horizontal? 14 functions-geometry
?-\| Are lines perpendicular? 14 functions-geometry
?\| Is line vertical? 14 functions-geometry
?\|\| Are lines parallel? 14 functions-geometry
@ Absolute value 14 functions-math
@-@ Computes the total length 14 functions-geometry
@> Does first object contain second? 14 functions-geometry
@? Does JSON path return any item for the specified JSON value? 14 functions-json
@@ Computes the center point 14 functions-geometry
AT LOCAL Converts given time stamp without time zone to time stamp with the session's TimeZone value as time zone 17 functions-datetime
AT TIME ZONE Converts given time stamp without time zone to time stamp with time zone, assuming the given value is in the named time zone 14 functions-datetime
BETWEEN Between (inclusive of the range endpoints) 14 functions-comparison
BETWEEN SYMMETRIC Between, after sorting the two endpoint values 14 functions-comparison
exists Tests whether a path expression matches at least one SQL/JSON item 14 functions-json
false JSON constant false 14 functions-json
IS Checks whether the string is in the specified Unicode normalization form 14 functions-string
IS DISTINCT FROM Not equal, treating null as a comparable value 14 functions-comparison
IS FALSE Test whether boolean expression yields false 14 functions-comparison
IS NOT DISTINCT FROM Equal, treating null as a comparable value 14 functions-comparison
IS NOT FALSE Test whether boolean expression yields true or unknown 14 functions-comparison
IS NOT NULL Test whether value is not null 14 functions-comparison
IS NOT TRUE Test whether boolean expression yields false or unknown 14 functions-comparison
IS NOT UNKNOWN Test whether boolean expression yields true or false 14 functions-comparison
IS NULL Test whether value is null 14 functions-comparison
IS TRUE Test whether boolean expression yields true 14 functions-comparison
IS UNKNOWN Test whether boolean expression yields unknown 14 functions-comparison
ISNULL Test whether value is null (nonstandard syntax) 14 functions-comparison
like_regex Tests whether the first operand matches the regular expression given by the second operand, optionally with modifications described by a string of flag characters 14 functions-json
NOT BETWEEN Not between (the negation of BETWEEN) 14 functions-comparison
NOT BETWEEN SYMMETRIC Not between, after sorting the two endpoint values 14 functions-comparison
NOTNULL Test whether value is not null (nonstandard syntax) 14 functions-comparison
null JSON constant null (note that, unlike in SQL, comparison to null works normally) 14 functions-json
starts with Tests whether the second operand is an initial substring of the first operand 14 functions-json
true JSON constant true 14 functions-json
^ Exponentiation 14 functions-math
^@ Returns true if the first string starts with the second string (equivalent to the starts_with() function) 14 functions-string
\| Bitwise OR 14 functions-math
\|&> Does first object not extend below second? 14 functions-geometry
\|/ Square root 14 functions-math
\|>> Is first object strictly above second? 14 functions-geometry
\|\| Concatenates the two strings 14 functions-string
\|\|/ Cube root 14 functions-math
~ Bitwise NOT 14 functions-math
~* String matches regular expression, case-insensitively 14 functions-matching
~= Are these objects the same? 14 functions-geometry

SQLSTATE codes

Error codes reported by the server.

Name Summary Since Manual
00000 (successful_completion) Successful completion 14 errcodes-appendix
01000 (warning) Warning 14 errcodes-appendix
01003 (null_value_eliminated_in_set_function) Null value eliminated in set function 14 errcodes-appendix
01004 (string_data_right_truncation) String data right truncation 14 errcodes-appendix
01006 (privilege_not_revoked) Privilege not revoked 14 errcodes-appendix
01007 (privilege_not_granted) Privilege not granted 14 errcodes-appendix
01008 (implicit_zero_bit_padding) Implicit zero bit padding 14 errcodes-appendix
0100C (dynamic_result_sets_returned) Dynamic result sets returned 14 errcodes-appendix
01P01 (deprecated_feature) Deprecated feature 14 errcodes-appendix
02000 (no_data) No data 14 errcodes-appendix
02001 (no_additional_dynamic_result_sets_returned) No additional dynamic result sets returned 14 errcodes-appendix
03000 (sql_statement_not_yet_complete) Sql statement not yet complete 14 errcodes-appendix
08000 (connection_exception) Connection exception 14 errcodes-appendix
08001 (sqlclient_unable_to_establish_sqlconnection) Sqlclient unable to establish sqlconnection 14 errcodes-appendix
08003 (connection_does_not_exist) Connection does not exist 14 errcodes-appendix
08004 (sqlserver_rejected_establishment_of_sqlconnection) Sqlserver rejected establishment of sqlconnection 14 errcodes-appendix
08006 (connection_failure) Connection failure 14 errcodes-appendix
08007 (transaction_resolution_unknown) Transaction resolution unknown 14 errcodes-appendix
08P01 (protocol_violation) Protocol violation 14 errcodes-appendix
09000 (triggered_action_exception) Triggered action exception 14 errcodes-appendix
0A000 (feature_not_supported) Feature not supported 14 errcodes-appendix
0B000 (invalid_transaction_initiation) Invalid transaction initiation 14 errcodes-appendix
0F000 (locator_exception) Locator exception 14 errcodes-appendix
0F001 (invalid_locator_specification) Invalid locator specification 14 errcodes-appendix
0L000 (invalid_grantor) Invalid grantor 14 errcodes-appendix
0LP01 (invalid_grant_operation) Invalid grant operation 14 errcodes-appendix
0P000 (invalid_role_specification) Invalid role specification 14 errcodes-appendix
0Z000 (diagnostics_exception) Diagnostics exception 14 errcodes-appendix
0Z002 (stacked_diagnostics_accessed_without_active_handler) Stacked diagnostics accessed without active handler 14 errcodes-appendix
10608 (invalid_argument_for_xquery) Invalid argument for xquery 18 errcodes-appendix
20000 (case_not_found) Case not found 14 errcodes-appendix
21000 (cardinality_violation) Cardinality violation 14 errcodes-appendix
22000 (data_exception) Data exception 14 errcodes-appendix
22001 (string_data_right_truncation) String data right truncation 14 errcodes-appendix
22002 (null_value_no_indicator_parameter) Null value no indicator parameter 14 errcodes-appendix
22003 (numeric_value_out_of_range) Numeric value out of range 14 errcodes-appendix
22004 (null_value_not_allowed) Null value not allowed 14 errcodes-appendix
22005 (error_in_assignment) Error in assignment 14 errcodes-appendix
22007 (invalid_datetime_format) Invalid datetime format 14 errcodes-appendix
22008 (datetime_field_overflow) Datetime field overflow 14 errcodes-appendix
22009 (invalid_time_zone_displacement_value) Invalid time zone displacement value 14 errcodes-appendix
2200B (escape_character_conflict) Escape character conflict 14 errcodes-appendix
2200C (invalid_use_of_escape_character) Invalid use of escape character 14 errcodes-appendix
2200D (invalid_escape_octet) Invalid escape octet 14 errcodes-appendix
2200F (zero_length_character_string) Zero length character string 14 errcodes-appendix
2200G (most_specific_type_mismatch) Most specific type mismatch 14 errcodes-appendix
2200H (sequence_generator_limit_exceeded) Sequence generator limit exceeded 14 errcodes-appendix
2200L (not_an_xml_document) Not an xml document 14 errcodes-appendix
2200M (invalid_xml_document) Invalid xml document 14 errcodes-appendix
2200N (invalid_xml_content) Invalid xml content 14 errcodes-appendix
2200S (invalid_xml_comment) Invalid xml comment 14 errcodes-appendix
2200T (invalid_xml_processing_instruction) Invalid xml processing instruction 14 errcodes-appendix
22010 (invalid_indicator_parameter_value) Invalid indicator parameter value 14 errcodes-appendix
22011 (substring_error) Substring error 14 errcodes-appendix
22012 (division_by_zero) Division by zero 14 errcodes-appendix
22013 (invalid_preceding_or_following_size) Invalid preceding or following size 14 errcodes-appendix
22014 (invalid_argument_for_ntile_function) Invalid argument for ntile function 14 errcodes-appendix
22015 (interval_field_overflow) Interval field overflow 14 errcodes-appendix
22016 (invalid_argument_for_nth_value_function) Invalid argument for nth value function 14 errcodes-appendix
22018 (invalid_character_value_for_cast) Invalid character value for cast 14 errcodes-appendix
22019 (invalid_escape_character) Invalid escape character 14 errcodes-appendix
2201B (invalid_regular_expression) Invalid regular expression 14 errcodes-appendix
2201E (invalid_argument_for_logarithm) Invalid argument for logarithm 14 errcodes-appendix
2201F (invalid_argument_for_power_function) Invalid argument for power function 14 errcodes-appendix
2201G (invalid_argument_for_width_bucket_function) Invalid argument for width bucket function 14 errcodes-appendix
2201W (invalid_row_count_in_limit_clause) Invalid row count in limit clause 14 errcodes-appendix
2201X (invalid_row_count_in_result_offset_clause) Invalid row count in result offset clause 14 errcodes-appendix
22021 (character_not_in_repertoire) Character not in repertoire 14 errcodes-appendix
22022 (indicator_overflow) Indicator overflow 14 errcodes-appendix
22023 (invalid_parameter_value) Invalid parameter value 14 errcodes-appendix
22024 (unterminated_c_string) Unterminated c string 14 errcodes-appendix
22025 (invalid_escape_sequence) Invalid escape sequence 14 errcodes-appendix
22026 (string_data_length_mismatch) String data length mismatch 14 errcodes-appendix
22027 (trim_error) Trim error 14 errcodes-appendix
2202E (array_element_error) Array element error 14 errcodes-appendix
2202G (invalid_tablesample_repeat) Invalid tablesample repeat 14 errcodes-appendix
2202H (invalid_tablesample_argument) Invalid tablesample argument 14 errcodes-appendix
22030 (duplicate_json_object_key_value) Duplicate json object key value 14 errcodes-appendix
22031 (invalid_argument_for_sql_json_datetime_function) Invalid argument for sql json datetime function 14 errcodes-appendix
22032 (invalid_json_text) Invalid json text 14 errcodes-appendix
22033 (invalid_sql_json_subscript) Invalid sql json subscript 14 errcodes-appendix
22034 (more_than_one_sql_json_item) More than one sql json item 14 errcodes-appendix
22035 (no_sql_json_item) No sql json item 14 errcodes-appendix
22036 (non_numeric_sql_json_item) Non numeric sql json item 14 errcodes-appendix
22037 (non_unique_keys_in_a_json_object) Non unique keys in a json object 14 errcodes-appendix
22038 (singleton_sql_json_item_required) Singleton sql json item required 14 errcodes-appendix
22039 (sql_json_array_not_found) Sql json array not found 14 errcodes-appendix
2203A (sql_json_member_not_found) Sql json member not found 14 errcodes-appendix
2203B (sql_json_number_not_found) Sql json number not found 14 errcodes-appendix
2203C (sql_json_object_not_found) Sql json object not found 14 errcodes-appendix
2203D (too_many_json_array_elements) Too many json array elements 14 errcodes-appendix
2203E (too_many_json_object_members) Too many json object members 14 errcodes-appendix
2203F (sql_json_scalar_required) Sql json scalar required 14 errcodes-appendix
2203G (sql_json_item_cannot_be_cast_to_target_type) Sql json item cannot be cast to target type 15 errcodes-appendix
22P01 (floating_point_exception) Floating point exception 14 errcodes-appendix
22P02 (invalid_text_representation) Invalid text representation 14 errcodes-appendix
22P03 (invalid_binary_representation) Invalid binary representation 14 errcodes-appendix
22P04 (bad_copy_file_format) Bad copy file format 14 errcodes-appendix
22P05 (untranslatable_character) Untranslatable character 14 errcodes-appendix
22P06 (nonstandard_use_of_escape_character) Nonstandard use of escape character 14 errcodes-appendix
23000 (integrity_constraint_violation) Integrity constraint violation 14 errcodes-appendix
23001 (restrict_violation) Restrict violation 14 errcodes-appendix
23502 (not_null_violation) Not null violation 14 errcodes-appendix
23503 (foreign_key_violation) Foreign key violation 14 errcodes-appendix
23505 (unique_violation) Unique violation 14 errcodes-appendix
23514 (check_violation) Check violation 14 errcodes-appendix
23P01 (exclusion_violation) Exclusion violation 14 errcodes-appendix
24000 (invalid_cursor_state) Invalid cursor state 14 errcodes-appendix
25000 (invalid_transaction_state) Invalid transaction state 14 errcodes-appendix
25001 (active_sql_transaction) Active sql transaction 14 errcodes-appendix
25002 (branch_transaction_already_active) Branch transaction already active 14 errcodes-appendix
25003 (inappropriate_access_mode_for_branch_transaction) Inappropriate access mode for branch transaction 14 errcodes-appendix
25004 (inappropriate_isolation_level_for_branch_transaction) Inappropriate isolation level for branch transaction 14 errcodes-appendix
25005 (no_active_sql_transaction_for_branch_transaction) No active sql transaction for branch transaction 14 errcodes-appendix
25006 (read_only_sql_transaction) Read only sql transaction 14 errcodes-appendix
25007 (schema_and_data_statement_mixing_not_supported) Schema and data statement mixing not supported 14 errcodes-appendix
25008 (held_cursor_requires_same_isolation_level) Held cursor requires same isolation level 14 errcodes-appendix
25P01 (no_active_sql_transaction) No active sql transaction 14 errcodes-appendix
25P02 (in_failed_sql_transaction) In failed sql transaction 14 errcodes-appendix
25P03 (idle_in_transaction_session_timeout) Idle in transaction session timeout 14 errcodes-appendix
25P04 (transaction_timeout) Transaction timeout 17 errcodes-appendix
26000 (invalid_sql_statement_name) Invalid sql statement name 14 errcodes-appendix
27000 (triggered_data_change_violation) Triggered data change violation 14 errcodes-appendix
28000 (invalid_authorization_specification) Invalid authorization specification 14 errcodes-appendix
28P01 (invalid_password) Invalid password 14 errcodes-appendix
2B000 (dependent_privilege_descriptors_still_exist) Dependent privilege descriptors still exist 14 errcodes-appendix
2BP01 (dependent_objects_still_exist) Dependent objects still exist 14 errcodes-appendix
2D000 (invalid_transaction_termination) Invalid transaction termination 14 errcodes-appendix
2F000 (sql_routine_exception) Sql routine exception 14 errcodes-appendix
2F002 (modifying_sql_data_not_permitted) Modifying sql data not permitted 14 errcodes-appendix
2F003 (prohibited_sql_statement_attempted) Prohibited sql statement attempted 14 errcodes-appendix
2F004 (reading_sql_data_not_permitted) Reading sql data not permitted 14 errcodes-appendix
2F005 (function_executed_no_return_statement) Function executed no return statement 14 errcodes-appendix
34000 (invalid_cursor_name) Invalid cursor name 14 errcodes-appendix
38000 (external_routine_exception) External routine exception 14 errcodes-appendix
38001 (containing_sql_not_permitted) Containing sql not permitted 14 errcodes-appendix
38002 (modifying_sql_data_not_permitted) Modifying sql data not permitted 14 errcodes-appendix
38003 (prohibited_sql_statement_attempted) Prohibited sql statement attempted 14 errcodes-appendix
38004 (reading_sql_data_not_permitted) Reading sql data not permitted 14 errcodes-appendix
39000 (external_routine_invocation_exception) External routine invocation exception 14 errcodes-appendix
39001 (invalid_sqlstate_returned) Invalid sqlstate returned 14 errcodes-appendix
39004 (null_value_not_allowed) Null value not allowed 14 errcodes-appendix
39P01 (trigger_protocol_violated) Trigger protocol violated 14 errcodes-appendix
39P02 (srf_protocol_violated) Srf protocol violated 14 errcodes-appendix
39P03 (event_trigger_protocol_violated) Event trigger protocol violated 14 errcodes-appendix
3B000 (savepoint_exception) Savepoint exception 14 errcodes-appendix
3B001 (invalid_savepoint_specification) Invalid savepoint specification 14 errcodes-appendix
3D000 (invalid_catalog_name) Invalid catalog name 14 errcodes-appendix
3F000 (invalid_schema_name) Invalid schema name 14 errcodes-appendix
40000 (transaction_rollback) Transaction rollback 14 errcodes-appendix
40001 (serialization_failure) Serialization failure 14 errcodes-appendix
40002 (transaction_integrity_constraint_violation) Transaction integrity constraint violation 14 errcodes-appendix
40003 (statement_completion_unknown) Statement completion unknown 14 errcodes-appendix
40P01 (deadlock_detected) Deadlock detected 14 errcodes-appendix
42000 (syntax_error_or_access_rule_violation) Syntax error or access rule violation 14 errcodes-appendix
42501 (insufficient_privilege) Insufficient privilege 14 errcodes-appendix
42601 (syntax_error) Syntax error 14 errcodes-appendix
42602 (invalid_name) Invalid name 14 errcodes-appendix
42611 (invalid_column_definition) Invalid column definition 14 errcodes-appendix
42622 (name_too_long) Name too long 14 errcodes-appendix
42701 (duplicate_column) Duplicate column 14 errcodes-appendix
42702 (ambiguous_column) Ambiguous column 14 errcodes-appendix
42703 (undefined_column) Undefined column 14 errcodes-appendix
42704 (undefined_object) Undefined object 14 errcodes-appendix
42710 (duplicate_object) Duplicate object 14 errcodes-appendix
42712 (duplicate_alias) Duplicate alias 14 errcodes-appendix
42723 (duplicate_function) Duplicate function 14 errcodes-appendix
42725 (ambiguous_function) Ambiguous function 14 errcodes-appendix
42803 (grouping_error) Grouping error 14 errcodes-appendix
42804 (datatype_mismatch) Datatype mismatch 14 errcodes-appendix
42809 (wrong_object_type) Wrong object type 14 errcodes-appendix
42830 (invalid_foreign_key) Invalid foreign key 14 errcodes-appendix
42846 (cannot_coerce) Cannot coerce 14 errcodes-appendix
42883 (undefined_function) Undefined function 14 errcodes-appendix
428C9 (generated_always) Generated always 14 errcodes-appendix
42939 (reserved_name) Reserved name 14 errcodes-appendix
42P01 (undefined_table) Undefined table 14 errcodes-appendix
42P02 (undefined_parameter) Undefined parameter 14 errcodes-appendix
42P03 (duplicate_cursor) Duplicate cursor 14 errcodes-appendix
42P04 (duplicate_database) Duplicate database 14 errcodes-appendix
42P05 (duplicate_prepared_statement) Duplicate prepared statement 14 errcodes-appendix
42P06 (duplicate_schema) Duplicate schema 14 errcodes-appendix
42P07 (duplicate_table) Duplicate table 14 errcodes-appendix
42P08 (ambiguous_parameter) Ambiguous parameter 14 errcodes-appendix
42P09 (ambiguous_alias) Ambiguous alias 14 errcodes-appendix
42P10 (invalid_column_reference) Invalid column reference 14 errcodes-appendix
42P11 (invalid_cursor_definition) Invalid cursor definition 14 errcodes-appendix
42P12 (invalid_database_definition) Invalid database definition 14 errcodes-appendix
42P13 (invalid_function_definition) Invalid function definition 14 errcodes-appendix
42P14 (invalid_prepared_statement_definition) Invalid prepared statement definition 14 errcodes-appendix
42P15 (invalid_schema_definition) Invalid schema definition 14 errcodes-appendix
42P16 (invalid_table_definition) Invalid table definition 14 errcodes-appendix
42P17 (invalid_object_definition) Invalid object definition 14 errcodes-appendix
42P18 (indeterminate_datatype) Indeterminate datatype 14 errcodes-appendix
42P19 (invalid_recursion) Invalid recursion 14 errcodes-appendix
42P20 (windowing_error) Windowing error 14 errcodes-appendix
42P21 (collation_mismatch) Collation mismatch 14 errcodes-appendix
42P22 (indeterminate_collation) Indeterminate collation 14 errcodes-appendix
44000 (with_check_option_violation) With check option violation 14 errcodes-appendix
53000 (insufficient_resources) Insufficient resources 14 errcodes-appendix
53100 (disk_full) Disk full 14 errcodes-appendix
53200 (out_of_memory) Out of memory 14 errcodes-appendix
53300 (too_many_connections) Too many connections 14 errcodes-appendix
53400 (configuration_limit_exceeded) Configuration limit exceeded 14 errcodes-appendix
54000 (program_limit_exceeded) Program limit exceeded 14 errcodes-appendix
54001 (statement_too_complex) Statement too complex 14 errcodes-appendix
54011 (too_many_columns) Too many columns 14 errcodes-appendix
54023 (too_many_arguments) Too many arguments 14 errcodes-appendix
55000 (object_not_in_prerequisite_state) Object not in prerequisite state 14 errcodes-appendix
55006 (object_in_use) Object in use 14 errcodes-appendix
55P02 (cant_change_runtime_param) Cant change runtime param 14 errcodes-appendix
55P03 (lock_not_available) Lock not available 14 errcodes-appendix
55P04 (unsafe_new_enum_value_usage) Unsafe new enum value usage 14 errcodes-appendix
57000 (operator_intervention) Operator intervention 14 errcodes-appendix
57014 (query_canceled) Query canceled 14 errcodes-appendix
57P01 (admin_shutdown) Admin shutdown 14 errcodes-appendix
57P02 (crash_shutdown) Crash shutdown 14 errcodes-appendix
57P03 (cannot_connect_now) Cannot connect now 14 errcodes-appendix
57P04 (database_dropped) Database dropped 14 errcodes-appendix
57P05 (idle_session_timeout) Idle session timeout 14 errcodes-appendix
58000 (system_error) System error 14 errcodes-appendix
58030 (io_error) Io error 14 errcodes-appendix
58P01 (undefined_file) Undefined file 14 errcodes-appendix
58P02 (duplicate_file) Duplicate file 14 errcodes-appendix
58P03 (file_name_too_long) File name too long 18 errcodes-appendix
F0000 (config_file_error) Config file error 14 errcodes-appendix
F0001 (lock_file_exists) Lock file exists 14 errcodes-appendix
HV000 (fdw_error) Fdw error 14 errcodes-appendix
HV001 (fdw_out_of_memory) Fdw out of memory 14 errcodes-appendix
HV002 (fdw_dynamic_parameter_value_needed) Fdw dynamic parameter value needed 14 errcodes-appendix
HV004 (fdw_invalid_data_type) Fdw invalid data type 14 errcodes-appendix
HV005 (fdw_column_name_not_found) Fdw column name not found 14 errcodes-appendix
HV006 (fdw_invalid_data_type_descriptors) Fdw invalid data type descriptors 14 errcodes-appendix
HV007 (fdw_invalid_column_name) Fdw invalid column name 14 errcodes-appendix
HV008 (fdw_invalid_column_number) Fdw invalid column number 14 errcodes-appendix
HV009 (fdw_invalid_use_of_null_pointer) Fdw invalid use of null pointer 14 errcodes-appendix
HV00A (fdw_invalid_string_format) Fdw invalid string format 14 errcodes-appendix
HV00B (fdw_invalid_handle) Fdw invalid handle 14 errcodes-appendix
HV00C (fdw_invalid_option_index) Fdw invalid option index 14 errcodes-appendix
HV00D (fdw_invalid_option_name) Fdw invalid option name 14 errcodes-appendix
HV00J (fdw_option_name_not_found) Fdw option name not found 14 errcodes-appendix
HV00K (fdw_reply_handle) Fdw reply handle 14 errcodes-appendix
HV00L (fdw_unable_to_create_execution) Fdw unable to create execution 14 errcodes-appendix
HV00M (fdw_unable_to_create_reply) Fdw unable to create reply 14 errcodes-appendix
HV00N (fdw_unable_to_establish_connection) Fdw unable to establish connection 14 errcodes-appendix
HV00P (fdw_no_schemas) Fdw no schemas 14 errcodes-appendix
HV00Q (fdw_schema_not_found) Fdw schema not found 14 errcodes-appendix
HV00R (fdw_table_not_found) Fdw table not found 14 errcodes-appendix
HV010 (fdw_function_sequence_error) Fdw function sequence error 14 errcodes-appendix
HV014 (fdw_too_many_handles) Fdw too many handles 14 errcodes-appendix
HV021 (fdw_inconsistent_descriptor_information) Fdw inconsistent descriptor information 14 errcodes-appendix
HV024 (fdw_invalid_attribute_value) Fdw invalid attribute value 14 errcodes-appendix
HV090 (fdw_invalid_string_length_or_buffer_length) Fdw invalid string length or buffer length 14 errcodes-appendix
HV091 (fdw_invalid_descriptor_field_identifier) Fdw invalid descriptor field identifier 14 errcodes-appendix
P0000 (plpgsql_error) Plpgsql error 14 errcodes-appendix
P0001 (raise_exception) Raise exception 14 errcodes-appendix
P0002 (no_data_found) No data found 14 errcodes-appendix
P0003 (too_many_rows) Too many rows 14 errcodes-appendix
P0004 (assert_failure) Assert failure 14 errcodes-appendix
XX000 (internal_error) Internal error 14 errcodes-appendix
XX001 (data_corrupted) Data corrupted 14 errcodes-appendix
XX002 (index_corrupted) Index corrupted 14 errcodes-appendix

Lexical rules

The shapes of names, constants, comments and other tokens.

Name Summary Since Manual
"identifier" A name in double quotes keeps its case and may contain any character; a double quote inside is written twice. 14 sql-syntax-identifiers
$$ A string constant delimited by $$ or \(tag\) that contains quotes and backslashes unchanged; function bodies are usually written this way. 14 sql-syntax-dollar-quoting
$n $1, $2, ... refer to the arguments of a function body or of a prepared statement. 14 sql-expressions-parameters-positional
'string' A string constant is in single quotes; a single quote inside is written twice. Two constants separated by a newline are joined. 14 sql-syntax-strings
-- -- starts a comment that runs to the end of the line; /* ... */ is a comment that may span lines and may be nested. 14 sql-syntax-comments
:: expression::type converts a value to a type; CAST(expression AS type) is the standard form of the same thing. 14 sql-syntax-type-casts
=> name => value passes a function argument by name; the older := is also accepted. 14 sql-syntax-calling-funcs
ARRAY[] ARRAY[1, 2, 3] builds an array from expressions; ARRAY(subquery) builds one from a query's rows. 14 sql-syntax-array-constructors
B'' B'1001' is a bit string of binary digits; X'1FF' is a bit string of hexadecimal digits. 14 sql-syntax-bit-strings
COLLATE expression COLLATE collation overrides the collation used to compare or sort a character value. 14 sql-syntax-collate-exprs
E'' A string constant prefixed with E in which a backslash starts an escape such as \n, \t, \xhh or \uxxxx. 14 sql-syntax-strings-escape
field selection (row_expression).field_name selects a field of a composite value; the parentheses are required unless the expression is a table reference. 14 field-selection
identifier An unquoted name is folded to lower case; it starts with a letter or underscore and continues with letters, digits, underscores and dollar signs. 14 sql-syntax-identifiers
numeric constant Digits with an optional decimal point and exponent; 0x, 0o and 0b prefixes and underscores between digits are accepted (PostgreSQL 16 and later). 14 sql-syntax-constants-numeric
operator A name of up to 63 characters from + - * / < > = ~ ! @ # % ^ & | ` ?, with rules about which may end it. 14 sql-syntax-operators
operator precedence The order in which operators bind, from the highest (. and ::) to the lowest (OR). 14 sql-precedence
ROW() ROW(a, b) or (a, b) builds a composite value from fields. 14 sql-syntax-row-constructors
special character Characters that are not operators: $ for parameters, parentheses for grouping and calls, brackets for arrays, commas, semicolons, colons and the dot. 14 sql-syntax-special-chars
type 'string' A constant of any type is written as the type name followed by a string, for example date '2020-01-31'; it is the same as a cast. 14 sql-syntax-constants-generic
U&'' A string constant prefixed with U& in which \xxxx or +xxxxxx writes a Unicode character; UESCAPE changes the escape character. 14 sql-syntax-strings-uescape
[] array[index] picks one element and array[lower:upper] a slice; arrays are 1-based unless declared otherwise. 14 sql-expressions-subscripts

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